学习目标
通过本章学习，您将掌握：
云原生开发
- .NET 云原生应用开发
- 容器化和微服务架构
- Serverless 计算模式
- 云平台集成和部署
边缘计算
- .NET IoT 应用开发
- 边缘设备编程
- 实时数据处理
- 设备管理和监控
现代化技术栈
- .NET 8+ 新特性
- Blazor 全栈开发
- gRPC 和现代API设计
- 性能优化技术
新兴应用领域
- 区块链和Web3开发
- 量子计算应用
- AR/VR 应用开发
- 跨平台移动开发
25.1 云原生开发
.NET 云原生应用架构
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
// 云原生应用启动配置
public class CloudNativeStartup
{
private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
public CloudNativeStartup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
_configuration = configuration;
}
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
// 健康检查
services.AddHealthChecks()
.AddCheck<DatabaseHealthCheck>("database")
.AddCheck<RedisHealthCheck>("redis")
.AddCheck<ExternalServiceHealthCheck>("external-api");
// 配置管理
services.Configure<CloudConfiguration>(_configuration.GetSection("Cloud"));
// 分布式缓存
services.AddStackExchangeRedisCache(options =>
{
options.Configuration = _configuration.GetConnectionString("Redis");
options.InstanceName = "CloudNativeApp";
});
// 消息队列
services.AddSingleton<IMessageBus, ServiceBusMessageBus>();
// 监控和遥测
services.AddApplicationInsightsTelemetry();
services.AddOpenTelemetryTracing(builder =>
{
builder.AddAspNetCoreInstrumentation()
.AddHttpClientInstrumentation()
.AddSqlClientInstrumentation()
.AddJaegerExporter();
});
// 安全认证
services.AddAuthentication("Bearer")
.AddJwtBearer("Bearer", options =>
{
options.Authority = _configuration["Auth:Authority"];
options.TokenValidationParameters.ValidateAudience = false;
});
// API版本控制
services.AddApiVersioning(options =>
{
options.DefaultApiVersion = new ApiVersion(1, 0);
options.AssumeDefaultVersionWhenUnspecified = true;
options.ApiVersionReader = ApiVersionReader.Combine(
new QueryStringApiVersionReader("version"),
new HeaderApiVersionReader("X-Version")
);
});
// 限流
services.AddRateLimiter(options =>
{
options.AddFixedWindowLimiter("api", limiterOptions =>
{
limiterOptions.PermitLimit = 100;
limiterOptions.Window = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1);
});
});
// 业务服务
services.AddScoped<IUserService, UserService>();
services.AddScoped<IOrderService, OrderService>();
services.AddScoped<INotificationService, NotificationService>();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
else
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
app.UseHsts();
}
// 健康检查端点
app.UseHealthChecks("/health", new HealthCheckOptions
{
ResponseWriter = UIResponseWriter.WriteHealthCheckUIResponse
});
// 监控中间件
app.UseMiddleware<RequestLoggingMiddleware>();
app.UseMiddleware<PerformanceMiddleware>();
// 安全中间件
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
// 限流
app.UseRateLimiter();
// 路由
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllers();
endpoints.MapHealthChecks("/health");
});
}
}
// 云配置
public class CloudConfiguration
{
public string Environment { get; set; }
public string Region { get; set; }
public string SubscriptionId { get; set; }
public string ResourceGroup { get; set; }
public StorageConfiguration Storage { get; set; }
public DatabaseConfiguration Database { get; set; }
public MessagingConfiguration Messaging { get; set; }
}
public class StorageConfiguration
{
public string ConnectionString { get; set; }
public string ContainerName { get; set; }
public bool UseAzureStorage { get; set; }
}
public class DatabaseConfiguration
{
public string ConnectionString { get; set; }
public bool UseCosmosDB { get; set; }
public int MaxRetryAttempts { get; set; }
}
public class MessagingConfiguration
{
public string ServiceBusConnectionString { get; set; }
public string EventHubConnectionString { get; set; }
public bool UseServiceBus { get; set; }
}
Serverless 函数开发
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Text.Json;
// Azure Functions 示例
public class ServerlessFunctions
{
private readonly ILogger _logger;
private readonly IUserService _userService;
private readonly INotificationService _notificationService;
public ServerlessFunctions(ILoggerFactory loggerFactory,
IUserService userService,
INotificationService notificationService)
{
_logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<ServerlessFunctions>();
_userService = userService;
_notificationService = notificationService;
}
// HTTP 触发器
[Function("ProcessUserRegistration")]
public async Task<HttpResponseData> ProcessUserRegistration(
[HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Function, "post")] HttpRequestData req)
{
_logger.LogInformation("Processing user registration request.");
try
{
var requestBody = await req.ReadAsStringAsync();
var registrationData = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<UserRegistrationData>(requestBody);
// 验证数据
if (!IsValidRegistrationData(registrationData))
{
var badResponse = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
await badResponse.WriteStringAsync("Invalid registration data");
return badResponse;
}
// 创建用户
var user = await _userService.CreateUserAsync(registrationData);
// 发送欢迎邮件
await _notificationService.SendWelcomeEmailAsync(user.Email, user.Name);
var response = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK);
await response.WriteAsJsonAsync(new { UserId = user.Id, Message = "User registered successfully" });
return response;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error processing user registration");
var errorResponse = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError);
await errorResponse.WriteStringAsync("Internal server error");
return errorResponse;
}
}
// 定时器触发器
[Function("DailyReportGenerator")]
public async Task GenerateDailyReport([TimerTrigger("0 0 8 * * *")] TimerInfo timer)
{
_logger.LogInformation($"Daily report generation started at: {DateTime.Now}");
try
{
var reportData = await _userService.GetDailyStatisticsAsync();
var report = new DailyReport
{
Date = DateTime.Today,
NewUsers = reportData.NewUsers,
ActiveUsers = reportData.ActiveUsers,
TotalRevenue = reportData.TotalRevenue
};
// 生成报告
var reportContent = GenerateReportContent(report);
// 发送给管理员
await _notificationService.SendDailyReportAsync(reportContent);
_logger.LogInformation("Daily report generated and sent successfully");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error generating daily report");
}
}
// 队列触发器
[Function("ProcessOrderQueue")]
public async Task ProcessOrderQueue(
[ServiceBusTrigger("orders", Connection = "ServiceBusConnection")] string orderMessage)
{
_logger.LogInformation($"Processing order: {orderMessage}");
try
{
var order = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Order>(orderMessage);
// 处理订单
await ProcessOrderAsync(order);
// 发送确认邮件
await _notificationService.SendOrderConfirmationAsync(order.CustomerEmail, order.Id);
_logger.LogInformation($"Order {order.Id} processed successfully");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, $"Error processing order: {orderMessage}");
throw; // 重新抛出异常以触发重试机制
}
}
// Blob 触发器
[Function("ProcessUploadedFile")]
public async Task ProcessUploadedFile(
[BlobTrigger("uploads/{name}", Connection = "StorageConnection")] Stream blobStream,
string name)
{
_logger.LogInformation($"Processing uploaded file: {name}");
try
{
// 文件处理逻辑
if (IsImageFile(name))
{
await ProcessImageAsync(blobStream, name);
}
else if (IsDocumentFile(name))
{
await ProcessDocumentAsync(blobStream, name);
}
_logger.LogInformation($"File {name} processed successfully");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, $"Error processing file: {name}");
}
}
private bool IsValidRegistrationData(UserRegistrationData data)
{
return !string.IsNullOrEmpty(data?.Email) &&
!string.IsNullOrEmpty(data?.Name) &&
!string.IsNullOrEmpty(data?.Password);
}
private string GenerateReportContent(DailyReport report)
{
return $"Daily Report for {report.Date:yyyy-MM-dd}\n" +
$"New Users: {report.NewUsers}\n" +
$"Active Users: {report.ActiveUsers}\n" +
$"Total Revenue: ${report.TotalRevenue:F2}";
}
private async Task ProcessOrderAsync(Order order)
{
// 订单处理逻辑
await Task.Delay(100); // 模拟处理时间
}
private bool IsImageFile(string fileName)
{
var imageExtensions = new[] { ".jpg", ".jpeg", ".png", ".gif", ".bmp" };
return imageExtensions.Any(ext => fileName.EndsWith(ext, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
}
private bool IsDocumentFile(string fileName)
{
var docExtensions = new[] { ".pdf", ".doc", ".docx", ".txt" };
return docExtensions.Any(ext => fileName.EndsWith(ext, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
}
private async Task ProcessImageAsync(Stream imageStream, string fileName)
{
// 图像处理逻辑
await Task.Delay(200);
}
private async Task ProcessDocumentAsync(Stream documentStream, string fileName)
{
// 文档处理逻辑
await Task.Delay(150);
}
}
// 数据模型
public class UserRegistrationData
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Email { get; set; }
public string Password { get; set; }
public string PhoneNumber { get; set; }
}
public class DailyReport
{
public DateTime Date { get; set; }
public int NewUsers { get; set; }
public int ActiveUsers { get; set; }
public decimal TotalRevenue { get; set; }
}
public class Order
{
public string Id { get; set; }
public string CustomerEmail { get; set; }
public decimal Amount { get; set; }
public DateTime OrderDate { get; set; }
public List<OrderItem> Items { get; set; }
}
public class OrderItem
{
public string ProductId { get; set; }
public string ProductName { get; set; }
public int Quantity { get; set; }
public decimal Price { get; set; }
}
25.2 边缘计算
.NET IoT 应用开发
using System;
using System.Device.Gpio;
using System.Device.I2c;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
// IoT 设备管理器
public class IoTDeviceManager : BackgroundService
{
private readonly ILogger<IoTDeviceManager> _logger;
private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;
private readonly GpioController _gpioController;
private readonly Dictionary<string, ISensor> _sensors;
private readonly Dictionary<string, IActuator> _actuators;
public IoTDeviceManager(ILogger<IoTDeviceManager> logger, IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
{
_logger = logger;
_serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
_gpioController = new GpioController();
_sensors = new Dictionary<string, ISensor>();
_actuators = new Dictionary<string, IActuator>();
InitializeDevices();
}
private void InitializeDevices()
{
// 初始化传感器
_sensors["temperature"] = new TemperatureSensor(_gpioController, 18);
_sensors["humidity"] = new HumiditySensor(_gpioController, 19);
_sensors["motion"] = new MotionSensor(_gpioController, 20);
_sensors["light"] = new LightSensor(_gpioController, 21);
// 初始化执行器
_actuators["led"] = new LedActuator(_gpioController, 22);
_actuators["fan"] = new FanActuator(_gpioController, 23);
_actuators["buzzer"] = new BuzzerActuator(_gpioController, 24);
_logger.LogInformation("IoT devices initialized successfully");
}
protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
{
_logger.LogInformation("IoT Device Manager started");
while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
try
{
await CollectSensorDataAsync();
await ProcessAutomationRulesAsync();
await Task.Delay(5000, stoppingToken); // 每5秒执行一次
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error in IoT device management loop");
}
}
}
private async Task CollectSensorDataAsync()
{
var sensorData = new Dictionary<string, object>();
foreach (var sensor in _sensors)
{
try
{
var value = await sensor.Value.ReadAsync();
sensorData[sensor.Key] = value;
_logger.LogDebug($"Sensor {sensor.Key}: {value}");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, $"Error reading sensor {sensor.Key}");
}
}
// 发送数据到云端
using var scope = _serviceProvider.CreateScope();
var cloudService = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<ICloudDataService>();
await cloudService.SendSensorDataAsync(sensorData);
}
private async Task ProcessAutomationRulesAsync()
{
// 自动化规则处理
var temperature = await _sensors["temperature"].ReadAsync();
var humidity = await _sensors["humidity"].ReadAsync();
var motion = await _sensors["motion"].ReadAsync();
var light = await _sensors["light"].ReadAsync();
// 温度控制
if (temperature is double temp)
{
if (temp > 25.0)
{
await _actuators["fan"].ActivateAsync();
_logger.LogInformation($"Fan activated due to high temperature: {temp}°C");
}
else if (temp < 20.0)
{
await _actuators["fan"].DeactivateAsync();
}
}
// 运动检测照明
if (motion is bool hasMotion && hasMotion)
{
if (light is double lightLevel && lightLevel < 50.0)
{
await _actuators["led"].ActivateAsync();
_logger.LogInformation("LED activated due to motion detection in low light");
}
}
// 湿度警报
if (humidity is double hum && hum > 80.0)
{
await _actuators["buzzer"].ActivateAsync();
await Task.Delay(1000);
await _actuators["buzzer"].DeactivateAsync();
_logger.LogWarning($"High humidity alert: {hum}%");
}
}
public override void Dispose()
{
foreach (var sensor in _sensors.Values)
{
sensor.Dispose();
}
foreach (var actuator in _actuators.Values)
{
actuator.Dispose();
}
_gpioController?.Dispose();
base.Dispose();
}
}
// 传感器接口和实现
public interface ISensor : IDisposable
{
Task<object> ReadAsync();
}
public class TemperatureSensor : ISensor
{
private readonly GpioController _controller;
private readonly int _pin;
public TemperatureSensor(GpioController controller, int pin)
{
_controller = controller;
_pin = pin;
_controller.OpenPin(_pin, PinMode.Input);
}
public async Task<object> ReadAsync()
{
// 模拟温度读取（实际应用中需要根据具体传感器实现）
await Task.Delay(10);
var random = new Random();
return 20.0 + random.NextDouble() * 15.0; // 20-35°C
}
public void Dispose()
{
_controller?.ClosePin(_pin);
}
}
public class HumiditySensor : ISensor
{
private readonly GpioController _controller;
private readonly int _pin;
public HumiditySensor(GpioController controller, int pin)
{
_controller = controller;
_pin = pin;
_controller.OpenPin(_pin, PinMode.Input);
}
public async Task<object> ReadAsync()
{
await Task.Delay(10);
var random = new Random();
return 30.0 + random.NextDouble() * 60.0; // 30-90%
}
public void Dispose()
{
_controller?.ClosePin(_pin);
}
}
public class MotionSensor : ISensor
{
private readonly GpioController _controller;
private readonly int _pin;
public MotionSensor(GpioController controller, int pin)
{
_controller = controller;
_pin = pin;
_controller.OpenPin(_pin, PinMode.Input);
}
public async Task<object> ReadAsync()
{
await Task.Delay(5);
return _controller.Read(_pin) == PinValue.High;
}
public void Dispose()
{
_controller?.ClosePin(_pin);
}
}
public class LightSensor : ISensor
{
private readonly GpioController _controller;
private readonly int _pin;
public LightSensor(GpioController controller, int pin)
{
_controller = controller;
_pin = pin;
_controller.OpenPin(_pin, PinMode.Input);
}
public async Task<object> ReadAsync()
{
await Task.Delay(10);
var random = new Random();
return random.NextDouble() * 100.0; // 0-100 lux
}
public void Dispose()
{
_controller?.ClosePin(_pin);
}
}
// 执行器接口和实现
public interface IActuator : IDisposable
{
Task ActivateAsync();
Task DeactivateAsync();
bool IsActive { get; }
}
public class LedActuator : IActuator
{
private readonly GpioController _controller;
private readonly int _pin;
private bool _isActive;
public LedActuator(GpioController controller, int pin)
{
_controller = controller;
_pin = pin;
_controller.OpenPin(_pin, PinMode.Output);
_controller.Write(_pin, PinValue.Low);
}
public bool IsActive => _isActive;
public async Task ActivateAsync()
{
_controller.Write(_pin, PinValue.High);
_isActive = true;
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
public async Task DeactivateAsync()
{
_controller.Write(_pin, PinValue.Low);
_isActive = false;
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
public void Dispose()
{
_controller?.ClosePin(_pin);
}
}
public class FanActuator : IActuator
{
private readonly GpioController _controller;
private readonly int _pin;
private bool _isActive;
public FanActuator(GpioController controller, int pin)
{
_controller = controller;
_pin = pin;
_controller.OpenPin(_pin, PinMode.Output);
_controller.Write(_pin, PinValue.Low);
}
public bool IsActive => _isActive;
public async Task ActivateAsync()
{
_controller.Write(_pin, PinValue.High);
_isActive = true;
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
public async Task DeactivateAsync()
{
_controller.Write(_pin, PinValue.Low);
_isActive = false;
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
public void Dispose()
{
_controller?.ClosePin(_pin);
}
}
public class BuzzerActuator : IActuator
{
private readonly GpioController _controller;
private readonly int _pin;
private bool _isActive;
public BuzzerActuator(GpioController controller, int pin)
{
_controller = controller;
_pin = pin;
_controller.OpenPin(_pin, PinMode.Output);
_controller.Write(_pin, PinValue.Low);
}
public bool IsActive => _isActive;
public async Task ActivateAsync()
{
_controller.Write(_pin, PinValue.High);
_isActive = true;
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
public async Task DeactivateAsync()
{
_controller.Write(_pin, PinValue.Low);
_isActive = false;
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
public void Dispose()
{
_controller?.ClosePin(_pin);
}
}
// 云数据服务
public interface ICloudDataService
{
Task SendSensorDataAsync(Dictionary<string, object> sensorData);
Task<DeviceConfiguration> GetDeviceConfigurationAsync(string deviceId);
Task SendAlertAsync(string alertType, string message);
}
public class AzureIoTCloudService : ICloudDataService
{
private readonly ILogger<AzureIoTCloudService> _logger;
private readonly string _connectionString;
public AzureIoTCloudService(ILogger<AzureIoTCloudService> logger, IConfiguration configuration)
{
_logger = logger;
_connectionString = configuration.GetConnectionString("IoTHub");
}
public async Task SendSensorDataAsync(Dictionary<string, object> sensorData)
{
try
{
var telemetryData = new
{
DeviceId = Environment.MachineName,
Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow,
Data = sensorData
};
var jsonData = JsonSerializer.Serialize(telemetryData);
// 发送到 Azure IoT Hub
// 实际实现需要使用 Azure IoT SDK
_logger.LogInformation($"Sending telemetry data: {jsonData}");
await Task.Delay(100); // 模拟网络延迟
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error sending sensor data to cloud");
}
}
public async Task<DeviceConfiguration> GetDeviceConfigurationAsync(string deviceId)
{
try
{
// 从云端获取设备配置
await Task.Delay(50);
return new DeviceConfiguration
{
DeviceId = deviceId,
SamplingInterval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5),
TemperatureThreshold = 25.0,
HumidityThreshold = 80.0,
LightThreshold = 50.0
};
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error getting device configuration from cloud");
return GetDefaultConfiguration();
}
}
public async Task SendAlertAsync(string alertType, string message)
{
try
{
var alert = new
{
DeviceId = Environment.MachineName,
AlertType = alertType,
Message = message,
Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow,
Severity = "Warning"
};
var jsonAlert = JsonSerializer.Serialize(alert);
_logger.LogWarning($"Sending alert: {jsonAlert}");
await Task.Delay(100);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error sending alert to cloud");
}
}
private DeviceConfiguration GetDefaultConfiguration()
{
return new DeviceConfiguration
{
DeviceId = Environment.MachineName,
SamplingInterval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10),
TemperatureThreshold = 30.0,
HumidityThreshold = 85.0,
LightThreshold = 40.0
};
}
}
// 设备配置
public class DeviceConfiguration
{
public string DeviceId { get; set; }
public TimeSpan SamplingInterval { get; set; }
public double TemperatureThreshold { get; set; }
public double HumidityThreshold { get; set; }
public double LightThreshold { get; set; }
}
边缘AI计算
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.ML;
using Microsoft.ML.Data;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
// 边缘AI处理器
public class EdgeAIProcessor
{
private readonly MLContext _mlContext;
private readonly ILogger<EdgeAIProcessor> _logger;
private readonly Dictionary<string, ITransformer> _models;
private readonly EdgeAIConfiguration _configuration;
public EdgeAIProcessor(ILogger<EdgeAIProcessor> logger, EdgeAIConfiguration configuration)
{
_mlContext = new MLContext(seed: 0);
_logger = logger;
_configuration = configuration;
_models = new Dictionary<string, ITransformer>();
LoadModels();
}
private void LoadModels()
{
try
{
// 加载预训练模型
_models["anomaly_detection"] = _mlContext.Model.Load(_configuration.AnomalyModelPath, out _);
_models["predictive_maintenance"] = _mlContext.Model.Load(_configuration.MaintenanceModelPath, out _);
_models["quality_control"] = _mlContext.Model.Load(_configuration.QualityModelPath, out _);
_logger.LogInformation("Edge AI models loaded successfully");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error loading AI models");
}
}
public async Task<AnomalyDetectionResult> DetectAnomalyAsync(SensorReading reading)
{
try
{
if (!_models.ContainsKey("anomaly_detection"))
{
throw new InvalidOperationException("Anomaly detection model not loaded");
}
var model = _models["anomaly_detection"];
var predictionEngine = _mlContext.Model.CreatePredictionEngine<SensorReading, AnomalyPrediction>(model);
var prediction = predictionEngine.Predict(reading);
var result = new AnomalyDetectionResult
{
IsAnomaly = prediction.IsAnomaly,
Score = prediction.Score,
Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow,
SensorId = reading.SensorId,
Confidence = CalculateConfidence(prediction.Score)
};
if (result.IsAnomaly)
{
_logger.LogWarning($"Anomaly detected on sensor {reading.SensorId}: Score={result.Score:F3}");
await TriggerAnomalyResponseAsync(result);
}
return result;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error in anomaly detection");
return new AnomalyDetectionResult { IsAnomaly = false, Score = 0 };
}
}
public async Task<MaintenancePrediction> PredictMaintenanceAsync(EquipmentData equipment)
{
try
{
if (!_models.ContainsKey("predictive_maintenance"))
{
throw new InvalidOperationException("Maintenance prediction model not loaded");
}
var model = _models["predictive_maintenance"];
var predictionEngine = _mlContext.Model.CreatePredictionEngine<EquipmentData, MaintenancePrediction>(model);
var prediction = predictionEngine.Predict(equipment);
if (prediction.DaysUntilMaintenance <= _configuration.MaintenanceThresholdDays)
{
_logger.LogInformation($"Maintenance required for equipment {equipment.EquipmentId} in {prediction.DaysUntilMaintenance} days");
await ScheduleMaintenanceAsync(equipment.EquipmentId, prediction.DaysUntilMaintenance);
}
return prediction;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error in maintenance prediction");
return new MaintenancePrediction { DaysUntilMaintenance = 365 };
}
}
public async Task<QualityAssessment> AssessQualityAsync(ProductData product)
{
try
{
if (!_models.ContainsKey("quality_control"))
{
throw new InvalidOperationException("Quality control model not loaded");
}
var model = _models["quality_control"];
var predictionEngine = _mlContext.Model.CreatePredictionEngine<ProductData, QualityPrediction>(model);
var prediction = predictionEngine.Predict(product);
var assessment = new QualityAssessment
{
ProductId = product.ProductId,
QualityScore = prediction.QualityScore,
IsDefective = prediction.QualityScore < _configuration.QualityThreshold,
Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow,
Recommendations = GenerateQualityRecommendations(prediction)
};
if (assessment.IsDefective)
{
_logger.LogWarning($"Quality issue detected for product {product.ProductId}: Score={assessment.QualityScore:F3}");
await HandleQualityIssueAsync(assessment);
}
return assessment;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error in quality assessment");
return new QualityAssessment { QualityScore = 0, IsDefective = true };
}
}
private float CalculateConfidence(float score)
{
return Math.Min(1.0f, Math.Abs(score) * 2.0f);
}
private async Task TriggerAnomalyResponseAsync(AnomalyDetectionResult result)
{
// 触发异常响应
await Task.Delay(10); // 模拟响应时间
_logger.LogInformation($"Anomaly response triggered for sensor {result.SensorId}");
}
private async Task ScheduleMaintenanceAsync(string equipmentId, float daysUntilMaintenance)
{
// 安排维护
await Task.Delay(10);
_logger.LogInformation($"Maintenance scheduled for equipment {equipmentId} in {daysUntilMaintenance} days");
}
private async Task HandleQualityIssueAsync(QualityAssessment assessment)
{
// 处理质量问题
await Task.Delay(10);
_logger.LogInformation($"Quality issue handling initiated for product {assessment.ProductId}");
}
private List<string> GenerateQualityRecommendations(QualityPrediction prediction)
{
var recommendations = new List<string>();
if (prediction.QualityScore < 0.5f)
{
recommendations.Add("Immediate quality inspection required");
recommendations.Add("Check production parameters");
}
else if (prediction.QualityScore < 0.7f)
{
recommendations.Add("Monitor production closely");
recommendations.Add("Consider process adjustment");
}
return recommendations;
}
}
// 边缘AI配置
public class EdgeAIConfiguration
{
public string AnomalyModelPath { get; set; }
public string MaintenanceModelPath { get; set; }
public string QualityModelPath { get; set; }
public int MaintenanceThresholdDays { get; set; } = 7;
public float QualityThreshold { get; set; } = 0.8f;
}
// 数据模型
public class SensorReading
{
[LoadColumn(0)]
public string SensorId { get; set; }
[LoadColumn(1)]
public float Temperature { get; set; }
[LoadColumn(2)]
public float Pressure { get; set; }
[LoadColumn(3)]
public float Vibration { get; set; }
[LoadColumn(4)]
public float Humidity { get; set; }
}
public class AnomalyPrediction
{
[ColumnName("PredictedLabel")]
public bool IsAnomaly { get; set; }
[ColumnName("Score")]
public float Score { get; set; }
}
public class AnomalyDetectionResult
{
public bool IsAnomaly { get; set; }
public float Score { get; set; }
public float Confidence { get; set; }
public DateTime Timestamp { get; set; }
public string SensorId { get; set; }
}
public class EquipmentData
{
[LoadColumn(0)]
public string EquipmentId { get; set; }
[LoadColumn(1)]
public float OperatingHours { get; set; }
[LoadColumn(2)]
public float MaintenanceHistory { get; set; }
[LoadColumn(3)]
public float PerformanceMetric { get; set; }
[LoadColumn(4)]
public float ErrorRate { get; set; }
}
public class MaintenancePrediction
{
[ColumnName("Score")]
public float DaysUntilMaintenance { get; set; }
}
public class ProductData
{
[LoadColumn(0)]
public string ProductId { get; set; }
[LoadColumn(1)]
public float Dimension1 { get; set; }
[LoadColumn(2)]
public float Dimension2 { get; set; }
[LoadColumn(3)]
public float Weight { get; set; }
[LoadColumn(4)]
public float Density { get; set; }
}
public class QualityPrediction
{
[ColumnName("Score")]
public float QualityScore { get; set; }
}
public class QualityAssessment
{
public string ProductId { get; set; }
public float QualityScore { get; set; }
public bool IsDefective { get; set; }
public DateTime Timestamp { get; set; }
public List<string> Recommendations { get; set; }
}
25.3 现代化技术栈
.NET 8+ 新特性应用
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Text.Json;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
// .NET 8+ 新特性演示
public class ModernCSharpFeatures
{
// 原始字符串字面量
private static readonly string JsonTemplate = """
{
"name": "{name}",
"age": {age},
"email": "{email}",
"created": "{created}"
}
""";
// 必需成员
public required string Name { get; init; }
public required int Age { get; init; }
public string? Email { get; init; }
// 静态抽象成员
public static abstract class MathOperations<T> where T : INumber<T>
{
public static abstract T Add(T left, T right);
public static abstract T Multiply(T left, T right);
}
// 泛型数学
public static T CalculateAverage<T>(IEnumerable<T> values) where T : INumber<T>
{
var sum = T.Zero;
var count = 0;
foreach (var value in values)
{
sum += value;
count++;
}
return count > 0 ? sum / T.CreateChecked(count) : T.Zero;
}
// UTF-8 字符串字面量
private static ReadOnlySpan<byte> Utf8String => "Hello, World!"u8;
// 列表模式
public static string AnalyzeList<T>(IList<T> list) => list switch
{
[] => "Empty list",
[var single] => $"Single item: {single}",
[var first, var second] => $"Two items: {first}, {second}",
[var first, .., var last] => $"Multiple items from {first} to {last}",
_ => "Unknown pattern"
};
// 改进的插值字符串
public static string FormatCurrency(decimal amount, string currency = "USD")
{
return $"Amount: {amount:C} {currency}";
}
// 文件范围命名空间和全局using
public class ApiResponse<T>
{
public bool Success { get; init; }
public T? Data { get; init; }
public string? ErrorMessage { get; init; }
public DateTime Timestamp { get; init; } = DateTime.UtcNow;
public static ApiResponse<T> SuccessResult(T data) => new()
{
Success = true,
Data = data
};
public static ApiResponse<T> ErrorResult(string message) => new()
{
Success = false,
ErrorMessage = message
};
}
}
// 最小API示例
public class MinimalApiExample
{
public static void ConfigureMinimalApi(WebApplication app)
{
// 简单的GET端点
app.MapGet("/api/users", async (IUserService userService) =>
{
var users = await userService.GetAllUsersAsync();
return Results.Ok(users);
});
// 带参数的GET端点
app.MapGet("/api/users/{id:int}", async (int id, IUserService userService) =>
{
var user = await userService.GetUserByIdAsync(id);
return user is not null ? Results.Ok(user) : Results.NotFound();
});
// POST端点
app.MapPost("/api/users", async (CreateUserRequest request, IUserService userService) =>
{
var user = await userService.CreateUserAsync(request);
return Results.Created($"/api/users/{user.Id}", user);
})
.WithName("CreateUser")
.WithOpenApi()
.Produces<User>(StatusCodes.Status201Created)
.ProducesValidationProblem();
// PUT端点
app.MapPut("/api/users/{id:int}", async (int id, UpdateUserRequest request, IUserService userService) =>
{
var updated = await userService.UpdateUserAsync(id, request);
return updated ? Results.NoContent() : Results.NotFound();
});
// DELETE端点
app.MapDelete("/api/users/{id:int}", async (int id, IUserService userService) =>
{
var deleted = await userService.DeleteUserAsync(id);
return deleted ? Results.NoContent() : Results.NotFound();
});
// 文件上传端点
app.MapPost("/api/upload", async (IFormFile file, IFileService fileService) =>
{
if (file.Length == 0)
return Results.BadRequest("No file uploaded");
var result = await fileService.SaveFileAsync(file);
return Results.Ok(new { FileName = result.FileName, Size = result.Size });
})
.DisableAntiforgery();
// 实时通信端点
app.MapHub<ChatHub>("/chathub");
// 健康检查端点
app.MapHealthChecks("/health");
}
}
// 现代化数据访问
public class ModernDataAccess
{
private readonly IDbContextFactory<AppDbContext> _contextFactory;
private readonly ILogger<ModernDataAccess> _logger;
public ModernDataAccess(IDbContextFactory<AppDbContext> contextFactory, ILogger<ModernDataAccess> logger)
{
_contextFactory = contextFactory;
_logger = logger;
}
// 异步枚举
public async IAsyncEnumerable<User> GetUsersStreamAsync([EnumeratorCancellation] CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
await using var context = await _contextFactory.CreateDbContextAsync(cancellationToken);
await foreach (var user in context.Users.AsAsyncEnumerable().WithCancellation(cancellationToken))
{
yield return user;
}
}
// 批量操作
public async Task<int> BulkUpdateUsersAsync(IEnumerable<User> users, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
await using var context = await _contextFactory.CreateDbContextAsync(cancellationToken);
context.Users.UpdateRange(users);
return await context.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
}
// 原始SQL查询
public async Task<IEnumerable<UserStatistics>> GetUserStatisticsAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
await using var context = await _contextFactory.CreateDbContextAsync(cancellationToken);
return await context.Database
.SqlQuery<UserStatistics>($"""
SELECT
u.Id,
u.Name,
COUNT(o.Id) as OrderCount,
SUM(o.Amount) as TotalAmount
FROM Users u
LEFT JOIN Orders o ON u.Id = o.UserId
GROUP BY u.Id, u.Name
""")
.ToListAsync(cancellationToken);
}
// 事务处理
public async Task<bool> TransferFundsAsync(int fromUserId, int toUserId, decimal amount, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
await using var context = await _contextFactory.CreateDbContextAsync(cancellationToken);
await using var transaction = await context.Database.BeginTransactionAsync(cancellationToken);
try
{
var fromUser = await context.Users.FindAsync(new object[] { fromUserId }, cancellationToken);
var toUser = await context.Users.FindAsync(new object[] { toUserId }, cancellationToken);
if (fromUser?.Balance < amount)
return false;
fromUser.Balance -= amount;
toUser.Balance += amount;
await context.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
await transaction.CommitAsync(cancellationToken);
return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error during fund transfer");
await transaction.RollbackAsync(cancellationToken);
return false;
}
}
}
// 现代化配置和选项
public class ModernConfiguration
{
public class AppSettings
{
public const string SectionName = "App";
[Required]
public string ApplicationName { get; set; } = string.Empty;
[Range(1, 3600)]
public int CacheExpirationSeconds { get; set; } = 300;
[Required, Url]
public string ApiBaseUrl { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public DatabaseSettings Database { get; set; } = new();
public LoggingSettings Logging { get; set; } = new();
}
public class DatabaseSettings
{
[Required]
public string ConnectionString { get; set; } = string.Empty;
[Range(1, 100)]
public int MaxRetryAttempts { get; set; } = 3;
public bool EnableSensitiveDataLogging { get; set; } = false;
}
public class LoggingSettings
{
public LogLevel MinimumLevel { get; set; } = LogLevel.Information;
public bool EnableStructuredLogging { get; set; } = true;
public string LogFilePath { get; set; } = "logs/app.log";
}
}
// 现代化依赖注入
public static class ServiceCollectionExtensions
{
public static IServiceCollection AddModernServices(this IServiceCollection services, IConfiguration configuration)
{
// 选项模式
services.Configure<ModernConfiguration.AppSettings>(configuration.GetSection(ModernConfiguration.AppSettings.SectionName));
services.AddOptionsWithValidateOnStart<ModernConfiguration.AppSettings>();
// 键控服务
services.AddKeyedScoped<INotificationService, EmailNotificationService>("email");
services.AddKeyedScoped<INotificationService, SmsNotificationService>("sms");
services.AddKeyedScoped<INotificationService, PushNotificationService>("push");
// 工厂模式
services.AddSingleton<INotificationServiceFactory, NotificationServiceFactory>();
// 装饰器模式
services.Decorate<IUserService, CachedUserService>();
services.Decorate<IUserService, LoggingUserService>();
// 条件注册
if (configuration.GetValue<bool>("Features:EnableAdvancedLogging"))
{
services.AddScoped<IAdvancedLogger, AdvancedLogger>();
}
return services;
}
}
// 数据模型
public record User(int Id, string Name, string Email, decimal Balance);
public record CreateUserRequest(string Name, string Email);
public record UpdateUserRequest(string Name, string Email);
public record UserStatistics(int Id, string Name, int OrderCount, decimal TotalAmount);
// 服务接口
public interface IUserService
{
Task<IEnumerable<User>> GetAllUsersAsync();
Task<User?> GetUserByIdAsync(int id);
Task<User> CreateUserAsync(CreateUserRequest request);
Task<bool> UpdateUserAsync(int id, UpdateUserRequest request);
Task<bool> DeleteUserAsync(int id);
}
public interface IFileService
{
Task<FileUploadResult> SaveFileAsync(IFormFile file);
}
public interface INotificationService
{
Task SendNotificationAsync(string recipient, string message);
}
public interface INotificationServiceFactory
{
INotificationService GetService(string type);
}
public record FileUploadResult(string FileName, long Size);
Blazor 全栈开发
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Web;
using Microsoft.JSInterop;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
// Blazor Server 组件
@page "/users"
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization
@attribute [Authorize]
@inject IUserService UserService
@inject IJSRuntime JSRuntime
@inject NavigationManager Navigation
<PageTitle>用户管理</PageTitle>
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
<h3 class="mb-0">用户管理</h3>
<button class="btn btn-primary" @onclick="ShowCreateModal">
<i class="fas fa-plus"></i> 新增用户
</button>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<!-- 搜索和筛选 -->
<div class="row mb-3">
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="搜索用户..."
@bind="searchTerm" @onkeypress="OnSearchKeyPress" />
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary" @onclick="SearchUsers">
<i class="fas fa-search"></i>
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<select class="form-select" @bind="selectedRole">
<option value="">所有角色</option>
<option value="Admin">管理员</option>
<option value="User">普通用户</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 用户列表 -->
@if (isLoading)
{
<div class="text-center">
<div class="spinner-border" role="status">
<span class="visually-hidden">加载中...</span>
</div>
</div>
}
else if (users?.Any() == true)
{
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table table-striped table-hover">
<thead class="table-dark">
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>邮箱</th>
<th>角色</th>
<th>状态</th>
<th>创建时间</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
@foreach (var user in users)
{
<tr>
<td>@user.Id</td>
<td>@user.Name</td>
<td>@user.Email</td>
<td>
<span class="badge bg-@(user.Role == "Admin" ? "danger" : "primary")">
@user.Role
</span>
</td>
<td>
<span class="badge bg-@(user.IsActive ? "success" : "secondary")">
@(user.IsActive ? "活跃" : "禁用")
</span>
</td>
<td>@user.CreatedAt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd")</td>
<td>
<div class="btn-group" role="group">
<button class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-primary"
@onclick="() => EditUser(user)">
<i class="fas fa-edit"></i>
</button>
<button class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-danger"
@onclick="() => DeleteUser(user.Id)">
<i class="fas fa-trash"></i>
</button>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<!-- 分页 -->
<nav>
<ul class="pagination justify-content-center">
<li class="page-item @(currentPage == 1 ? "disabled" : "")">
<button class="page-link" @onclick="() => ChangePage(currentPage - 1)">
上一页
</button>
</li>
@for (int i = 1; i <= totalPages; i++)
{
var page = i;
<li class="page-item @(currentPage == page ? "active" : "")">
<button class="page-link" @onclick="() => ChangePage(page)">
@page
</button>
</li>
}
<li class="page-item @(currentPage == totalPages ? "disabled" : "")">
<button class="page-link" @onclick="() => ChangePage(currentPage + 1)">
下一页
</button>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
}
else
{
<div class="text-center text-muted">
<i class="fas fa-users fa-3x mb-3"></i>
<p>暂无用户数据</p>
</div>
}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 用户编辑模态框 -->
<div class="modal fade @(showModal ? "show" : "")" style="display: @(showModal ? "block" : "none")">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title">@(editingUser?.Id > 0 ? "编辑用户" : "新增用户")</h5>
<button type="button" class="btn-close" @onclick="CloseModal"></button>
</div>
<EditForm Model="editingUser" OnValidSubmit="SaveUser">
<DataAnnotationsValidator />
<div class="modal-body">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="mb-3">
<label class="form-label">姓名</label>
<InputText class="form-control" @bind-Value="editingUser.Name" />
<ValidationMessage For="() => editingUser.Name" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="mb-3">
<label class="form-label">邮箱</label>
<InputText class="form-control" @bind-Value="editingUser.Email" />
<ValidationMessage For="() => editingUser.Email" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="mb-3">
<label class="form-label">角色</label>
<InputSelect class="form-select" @bind-Value="editingUser.Role">
<option value="User">普通用户</option>
<option value="Admin">管理员</option>
</InputSelect>
<ValidationMessage For="() => editingUser.Role" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="mb-3">
<div class="form-check">
<InputCheckbox class="form-check-input" @bind-Value="editingUser.IsActive" />
<label class="form-check-label">激活状态</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" @onclick="CloseModal">取消</button>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" disabled="@isSaving">
@if (isSaving)
{
<span class="spinner-border spinner-border-sm me-2"></span>
}
保存
</button>
</div>
</EditForm>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@code {
private List<UserViewModel>? users;
private UserViewModel editingUser = new();
private string searchTerm = string.Empty;
private string selectedRole = string.Empty;
private bool isLoading = true;
private bool showModal = false;
private bool isSaving = false;
private int currentPage = 1;
private int totalPages = 1;
private const int PageSize = 10;
protected override async Task OnInitializedAsync()
{
await LoadUsers();
}
private async Task LoadUsers()
{
isLoading = true;
try
{
var result = await UserService.GetUsersAsync(currentPage, PageSize, searchTerm, selectedRole);
users = result.Items.ToList();
totalPages = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)result.TotalCount / PageSize);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
await JSRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("alert", $"加载用户失败: {ex.Message}");
}
finally
{
isLoading = false;
}
}
private async Task SearchUsers()
{
currentPage = 1;
await LoadUsers();
}
private async Task OnSearchKeyPress(KeyboardEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Key == "Enter")
{
await SearchUsers();
}
}
private async Task ChangePage(int page)
{
if (page >= 1 && page <= totalPages)
{
currentPage = page;
await LoadUsers();
}
}
private void ShowCreateModal()
{
editingUser = new UserViewModel();
showModal = true;
}
private void EditUser(UserViewModel user)
{
editingUser = new UserViewModel
{
Id = user.Id,
Name = user.Name,
Email = user.Email,
Role = user.Role,
IsActive = user.IsActive
};
showModal = true;
}
private void CloseModal()
{
showModal = false;
editingUser = new UserViewModel();
}
private async Task SaveUser()
{
isSaving = true;
try
{
if (editingUser.Id > 0)
{
await UserService.UpdateUserAsync(editingUser.Id, editingUser);
}
else
{
await UserService.CreateUserAsync(editingUser);
}
await LoadUsers();
CloseModal();
await JSRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("showToast", "用户保存成功", "success");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
await JSRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("showToast", $"保存失败: {ex.Message}", "error");
}
finally
{
isSaving = false;
}
}
private async Task DeleteUser(int userId)
{
var confirmed = await JSRuntime.InvokeAsync<bool>("confirm", "确定要删除这个用户吗？");
if (confirmed)
{
try
{
await UserService.DeleteUserAsync(userId);
await LoadUsers();
await JSRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("showToast", "用户删除成功", "success");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
await JSRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("showToast", $"删除失败: {ex.Message}", "error");
}
}
}
}
// Blazor WebAssembly 组件
public class BlazorWasmComponent : ComponentBase
{
[Inject] public HttpClient Http { get; set; } = default!;
[Inject] public IJSRuntime JSRuntime { get; set; } = default!;
[Inject] public ILocalStorageService LocalStorage { get; set; } = default!;
protected List<ProductViewModel> products = new();
protected bool isLoading = true;
protected string errorMessage = string.Empty;
protected override async Task OnInitializedAsync()
{
await LoadProducts();
}
protected async Task LoadProducts()
{
try
{
isLoading = true;
errorMessage = string.Empty;
// 从本地存储获取认证令牌
var token = await LocalStorage.GetItemAsync<string>("authToken");
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(token))
{
Http.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization =
new System.Net.Http.Headers.AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", token);
}
// 调用API
var response = await Http.GetFromJsonAsync<ApiResponse<List<ProductViewModel>>>("/api/products");
if (response?.Success == true && response.Data != null)
{
products = response.Data;
}
else
{
errorMessage = response?.ErrorMessage ?? "加载产品失败";
}
}
catch (HttpRequestException ex)
{
errorMessage = $"网络错误: {ex.Message}";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
errorMessage = $"未知错误: {ex.Message}";
}
finally
{
isLoading = false;
StateHasChanged();
}
}
protected async Task AddToCart(int productId)
{
try
{
var cartItem = new { ProductId = productId, Quantity = 1 };
var response = await Http.PostAsJsonAsync("/api/cart/items", cartItem);
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
await JSRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("showNotification", "商品已添加到购物车", "success");
}
else
{
await JSRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("showNotification", "添加失败", "error");
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
await JSRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("showNotification", $"操作失败: {ex.Message}", "error");
}
}
}
// Blazor 混合应用
public class BlazorHybridService
{
private readonly HttpClient _httpClient;
private readonly IConnectivity _connectivity;
private readonly ISecureStorage _secureStorage;
private readonly ILogger<BlazorHybridService> _logger;
public BlazorHybridService(
HttpClient httpClient,
IConnectivity connectivity,
ISecureStorage secureStorage,
ILogger<BlazorHybridService> logger)
{
_httpClient = httpClient;
_connectivity = connectivity;
_secureStorage = secureStorage;
_logger = logger;
}
public async Task<List<DataModel>> GetDataAsync(bool forceRefresh = false)
{
try
{
// 检查网络连接
if (_connectivity.NetworkAccess != NetworkAccess.Internet)
{
_logger.LogWarning("No internet connection, loading from cache");
return await LoadFromCacheAsync();
}
// 在线获取数据
var response = await _httpClient.GetFromJsonAsync<List<DataModel>>("/api/data");
if (response != null)
{
// 缓存数据
await CacheDataAsync(response);
return response;
}
// 如果在线获取失败，尝试从缓存加载
return await LoadFromCacheAsync();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error loading data");
return await LoadFromCacheAsync();
}
}
private async Task<List<DataModel>> LoadFromCacheAsync()
{
try
{
var cachedData = await _secureStorage.GetAsync("cached_data");
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(cachedData))
{
return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<List<DataModel>>(cachedData) ?? new List<DataModel>();
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error loading from cache");
}
return new List<DataModel>();
}
private async Task CacheDataAsync(List<DataModel> data)
{
try
{
var json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(data);
await _secureStorage.SetAsync("cached_data", json);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error caching data");
}
}
}
// 数据模型
public class UserViewModel
{
public int Id { get; set; }
[Required(ErrorMessage = "姓名不能为空")]
[StringLength(50, ErrorMessage = "姓名长度不能超过50个字符")]
public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
[Required(ErrorMessage = "邮箱不能为空")]
[EmailAddress(ErrorMessage = "邮箱格式不正确")]
public string Email { get; set; } = string.Empty;
[Required(ErrorMessage = "角色不能为空")]
public string Role { get; set; } = "User";
public bool IsActive { get; set; } = true;
public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; } = DateTime.UtcNow;
}
public class ProductViewModel
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string Description { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public decimal Price { get; set; }
public string ImageUrl { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public bool InStock { get; set; }
}
public class DataModel
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public DateTime LastUpdated { get; set; }
}
public class PagedResult<T>
{
public IEnumerable<T> Items { get; set; } = Enumerable.Empty<T>();
public int TotalCount { get; set; }
public int PageNumber { get; set; }
public int PageSize { get; set; }
}
gRPC 和现代 API 设计
using Grpc.Core;
using Grpc.Net.Client;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes;
// gRPC 服务定义 (user.proto)
/*
syntax = "proto3";
option csharp_namespace = "ModernApi.Grpc";
package user;
service UserService {
rpc GetUser (GetUserRequest) returns (UserResponse);
rpc GetUsers (GetUsersRequest) returns (stream UserResponse);
rpc CreateUser (CreateUserRequest) returns (UserResponse);
rpc UpdateUser (UpdateUserRequest) returns (UserResponse);
rpc DeleteUser (DeleteUserRequest) returns (google.protobuf.Empty);
rpc SearchUsers (SearchUsersRequest) returns (SearchUsersResponse);
}
message GetUserRequest {
int32 id = 1;
}
message GetUsersRequest {
int32 page = 1;
int32 page_size = 2;
}
message CreateUserRequest {
string name = 1;
string email = 2;
string role = 3;
}
message UpdateUserRequest {
int32 id = 1;
string name = 2;
string email = 3;
string role = 4;
bool is_active = 5;
}
message DeleteUserRequest {
int32 id = 1;
}
message SearchUsersRequest {
string query = 1;
repeated string roles = 2;
int32 page = 3;
int32 page_size = 4;
}
message UserResponse {
int32 id = 1;
string name = 2;
string email = 3;
string role = 4;
bool is_active = 5;
google.protobuf.Timestamp created_at = 6;
google.protobuf.Timestamp updated_at = 7;
}
message SearchUsersResponse {
repeated UserResponse users = 1;
int32 total_count = 2;
int32 page = 3;
int32 page_size = 4;
}
*/
// gRPC 服务实现
[Authorize]
public class UserGrpcService : UserService.UserServiceBase
{
private readonly IUserRepository _userRepository;
private readonly IMapper _mapper;
private readonly ILogger<UserGrpcService> _logger;
private readonly IValidator<CreateUserRequest> _createValidator;
private readonly IValidator<UpdateUserRequest> _updateValidator;
public UserGrpcService(
IUserRepository userRepository,
IMapper mapper,
ILogger<UserGrpcService> logger,
IValidator<CreateUserRequest> createValidator,
IValidator<UpdateUserRequest> updateValidator)
{
_userRepository = userRepository;
_mapper = mapper;
_logger = logger;
_createValidator = createValidator;
_updateValidator = updateValidator;
}
public override async Task<UserResponse> GetUser(GetUserRequest request, ServerCallContext context)
{
try
{
_logger.LogInformation("Getting user with ID: {UserId}", request.Id);
var user = await _userRepository.GetByIdAsync(request.Id);
if (user == null)
{
throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.NotFound, $"User with ID {request.Id} not found"));
}
return _mapper.Map<UserResponse>(user);
}
catch (Exception ex) when (!(ex is RpcException))
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error getting user with ID: {UserId}", request.Id);
throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.Internal, "Internal server error"));
}
}
public override async Task GetUsers(GetUsersRequest request, IServerStreamWriter<UserResponse> responseStream, ServerCallContext context)
{
try
{
_logger.LogInformation("Streaming users - Page: {Page}, PageSize: {PageSize}", request.Page, request.PageSize);
var users = _userRepository.GetUsersAsync(request.Page, request.PageSize);
await foreach (var user in users.WithCancellation(context.CancellationToken))
{
var userResponse = _mapper.Map<UserResponse>(user);
await responseStream.WriteAsync(userResponse);
// 模拟延迟以演示流式传输
await Task.Delay(100, context.CancellationToken);
}
}
catch (OperationCanceledException)
{
_logger.LogInformation("User streaming cancelled");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error streaming users");
throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.Internal, "Error streaming users"));
}
}
public override async Task<UserResponse> CreateUser(CreateUserRequest request, ServerCallContext context)
{
try
{
// 验证请求
var validationResult = await _createValidator.ValidateAsync(request);
if (!validationResult.IsValid)
{
var errors = string.Join(", ", validationResult.Errors.Select(e => e.ErrorMessage));
throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.InvalidArgument, errors));
}
_logger.LogInformation("Creating user: {UserName}", request.Name);
var user = _mapper.Map<User>(request);
var createdUser = await _userRepository.CreateAsync(user);
_logger.LogInformation("User created successfully with ID: {UserId}", createdUser.Id);
return _mapper.Map<UserResponse>(createdUser);
}
catch (Exception ex) when (!(ex is RpcException))
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error creating user: {UserName}", request.Name);
throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.Internal, "Error creating user"));
}
}
public override async Task<UserResponse> UpdateUser(UpdateUserRequest request, ServerCallContext context)
{
try
{
// 验证请求
var validationResult = await _updateValidator.ValidateAsync(request);
if (!validationResult.IsValid)
{
var errors = string.Join(", ", validationResult.Errors.Select(e => e.ErrorMessage));
throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.InvalidArgument, errors));
}
_logger.LogInformation("Updating user with ID: {UserId}", request.Id);
var existingUser = await _userRepository.GetByIdAsync(request.Id);
if (existingUser == null)
{
throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.NotFound, $"User with ID {request.Id} not found"));
}
_mapper.Map(request, existingUser);
var updatedUser = await _userRepository.UpdateAsync(existingUser);
_logger.LogInformation("User updated successfully: {UserId}", request.Id);
return _mapper.Map<UserResponse>(updatedUser);
}
catch (Exception ex) when (!(ex is RpcException))
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error updating user with ID: {UserId}", request.Id);
throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.Internal, "Error updating user"));
}
}
public override async Task<Empty> DeleteUser(DeleteUserRequest request, ServerCallContext context)
{
try
{
_logger.LogInformation("Deleting user with ID: {UserId}", request.Id);
var user = await _userRepository.GetByIdAsync(request.Id);
if (user == null)
{
throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.NotFound, $"User with ID {request.Id} not found"));
}
await _userRepository.DeleteAsync(request.Id);
_logger.LogInformation("User deleted successfully: {UserId}", request.Id);
return new Empty();
}
catch (Exception ex) when (!(ex is RpcException))
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error deleting user with ID: {UserId}", request.Id);
throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.Internal, "Error deleting user"));
}
}
public override async Task<SearchUsersResponse> SearchUsers(SearchUsersRequest request, ServerCallContext context)
{
try
{
_logger.LogInformation("Searching users with query: {Query}", request.Query);
var searchResult = await _userRepository.SearchAsync(
request.Query,
request.Roles.ToList(),
request.Page,
request.PageSize);
var response = new SearchUsersResponse
{
TotalCount = searchResult.TotalCount,
Page = request.Page,
PageSize = request.PageSize
};
response.Users.AddRange(searchResult.Users.Select(_mapper.Map<UserResponse>));
return response;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error searching users with query: {Query}", request.Query);
throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.Internal, "Error searching users"));
}
}
}
// gRPC 客户端
public class UserGrpcClient
{
private readonly UserService.UserServiceClient _client;
private readonly ILogger<UserGrpcClient> _logger;
public UserGrpcClient(GrpcChannel channel, ILogger<UserGrpcClient> logger)
{
_client = new UserService.UserServiceClient(channel);
_logger = logger;
}
public async Task<UserResponse?> GetUserAsync(int id, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
try
{
var request = new GetUserRequest { Id = id };
return await _client.GetUserAsync(request, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
}
catch (RpcException ex) when (ex.StatusCode == StatusCode.NotFound)
{
return null;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error getting user with ID: {UserId}", id);
throw;
}
}
public async Task<List<UserResponse>> GetUsersStreamAsync(int page = 1, int pageSize = 10, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
var users = new List<UserResponse>();
try
{
var request = new GetUsersRequest { Page = page, PageSize = pageSize };
using var call = _client.GetUsers(request, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
await foreach (var user in call.ResponseStream.ReadAllAsync(cancellationToken))
{
users.Add(user);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error streaming users");
throw;
}
return users;
}
public async Task<UserResponse> CreateUserAsync(string name, string email, string role, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
try
{
var request = new CreateUserRequest
{
Name = name,
Email = email,
Role = role
};
return await _client.CreateUserAsync(request, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error creating user: {UserName}", name);
throw;
}
}
public async Task<SearchUsersResponse> SearchUsersAsync(string query, List<string> roles, int page = 1, int pageSize = 10, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
try
{
var request = new SearchUsersRequest
{
Query = query,
Page = page,
PageSize = pageSize
};
request.Roles.AddRange(roles);
return await _client.SearchUsersAsync(request, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error searching users with query: {Query}", query);
throw;
}
}
}
// gRPC 配置和中间件
public static class GrpcServiceExtensions
{
public static IServiceCollection AddModernGrpcServices(this IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddGrpc(options =>
{
options.EnableDetailedErrors = true;
options.MaxReceiveMessageSize = 4 * 1024 * 1024; // 4MB
options.MaxSendMessageSize = 4 * 1024 * 1024; // 4MB
})
.AddJsonTranscoding()
.AddServiceOptions<UserGrpcService>(options =>
{
options.MaxReceiveMessageSize = 8 * 1024 * 1024; // 8MB
});
// 添加gRPC反射
services.AddGrpcReflection();
// 添加gRPC健康检查
services.AddGrpcHealthChecks();
return services;
}
public static WebApplication UseModernGrpc(this WebApplication app)
{
// 映射gRPC服务
app.MapGrpcService<UserGrpcService>();
// 映射gRPC健康检查
app.MapGrpcHealthChecksService();
// 在开发环境中启用gRPC反射
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.MapGrpcReflectionService();
}
return app;
}
}
// 现代API设计模式
public class ModernApiController : ControllerBase
{
private readonly IMediator _mediator;
private readonly ILogger<ModernApiController> _logger;
public ModernApiController(IMediator mediator, ILogger<ModernApiController> logger)
{
_mediator = mediator;
_logger = logger;
}
[HttpGet("/api/v1/users")]
[ProducesResponseType(typeof(PagedResponse<UserDto>), StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
[ProducesResponseType(typeof(ErrorResponse), StatusCodes.Status400BadRequest)]
public async Task<IActionResult> GetUsers([FromQuery] GetUsersQuery query, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var result = await _mediator.Send(query, cancellationToken);
return Ok(result);
}
[HttpGet("/api/v1/users/{id:int}")]
[ProducesResponseType(typeof(UserDto), StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
[ProducesResponseType(typeof(ErrorResponse), StatusCodes.Status404NotFound)]
public async Task<IActionResult> GetUser(int id, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var query = new GetUserQuery { Id = id };
var result = await _mediator.Send(query, cancellationToken);
return result != null ? Ok(result) : NotFound();
}
[HttpPost("/api/v1/users")]
[ProducesResponseType(typeof(UserDto), StatusCodes.Status201Created)]
[ProducesResponseType(typeof(ValidationErrorResponse), StatusCodes.Status400BadRequest)]
public async Task<IActionResult> CreateUser([FromBody] CreateUserCommand command, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var result = await _mediator.Send(command, cancellationToken);
return CreatedAtAction(nameof(GetUser), new { id = result.Id }, result);
}
[HttpPut("/api/v1/users/{id:int}")]
[ProducesResponseType(typeof(UserDto), StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
[ProducesResponseType(typeof(ErrorResponse), StatusCodes.Status404NotFound)]
[ProducesResponseType(typeof(ValidationErrorResponse), StatusCodes.Status400BadRequest)]
public async Task<IActionResult> UpdateUser(int id, [FromBody] UpdateUserCommand command, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
command.Id = id;
var result = await _mediator.Send(command, cancellationToken);
return Ok(result);
}
[HttpDelete("/api/v1/users/{id:int}")]
[ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status204NoContent)]
[ProducesResponseType(typeof(ErrorResponse), StatusCodes.Status404NotFound)]
public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteUser(int id, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var command = new DeleteUserCommand { Id = id };
await _mediator.Send(command, cancellationToken);
return NoContent();
}
}
// 响应模型
public record PagedResponse<T>(IEnumerable<T> Data, int TotalCount, int Page, int PageSize);
public record ErrorResponse(string Message, string? Details = null);
public record ValidationErrorResponse(string Message, Dictionary<string, string[]> Errors);
// CQRS 查询和命令
public record GetUsersQuery : IRequest<PagedResponse<UserDto>>
{
public int Page { get; init; } = 1;
public int PageSize { get; init; } = 10;
public string? Search { get; init; }
public string? Role { get; init; }
}
public record GetUserQuery : IRequest<UserDto?>
{
public int Id { get; init; }
}
public record CreateUserCommand : IRequest<UserDto>
{
public string Name { get; init; } = string.Empty;
public string Email { get; init; } = string.Empty;
public string Role { get; init; } = "User";
}
public record UpdateUserCommand : IRequest<UserDto>
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; init; } = string.Empty;
public string Email { get; init; } = string.Empty;
public string Role { get; init; } = string.Empty;
public bool IsActive { get; init; }
}
public record DeleteUserCommand : IRequest
{
public int Id { get; init; }
}
public record UserDto(int Id, string Name, string Email, string Role, bool IsActive, DateTime CreatedAt);
性能优化技术
using System.Buffers;
using System.IO.Pipelines;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool;
using System.Threading.Channels;
// 高性能内存管理
public class HighPerformanceMemoryManager
{
private readonly ArrayPool<byte> _arrayPool;
private readonly ObjectPool<StringBuilder> _stringBuilderPool;
private readonly MemoryPool<byte> _memoryPool;
public HighPerformanceMemoryManager(
ArrayPool<byte> arrayPool,
ObjectPool<StringBuilder> stringBuilderPool,
MemoryPool<byte> memoryPool)
{
_arrayPool = arrayPool;
_stringBuilderPool = stringBuilderPool;
_memoryPool = memoryPool;
}
// 使用 ArrayPool 减少内存分配
public async Task<string> ProcessLargeDataAsync(Stream dataStream)
{
var buffer = _arrayPool.Rent(4096);
try
{
var stringBuilder = _stringBuilderPool.Get();
try
{
int bytesRead;
while ((bytesRead = await dataStream.ReadAsync(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0)
{
var text = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
stringBuilder.Append(text.ToUpperInvariant());
}
return stringBuilder.ToString();
}
finally
{
_stringBuilderPool.Return(stringBuilder);
}
}
finally
{
_arrayPool.Return(buffer);
}
}
// 使用 Span<T> 和 Memory<T> 进行零拷贝操作
public void ProcessDataWithSpan(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, Span<byte> output)
{
for (int i = 0; i < data.Length && i < output.Length; i++)
{
output[i] = (byte)(data[i] ^ 0xFF); // 简单的位运算
}
}
// 使用 Memory<T> 进行异步操作
public async Task<Memory<byte>> ReadDataAsync(Stream stream, int length)
{
using var memoryOwner = _memoryPool.Rent(length);
var memory = memoryOwner.Memory[..length];
int totalRead = 0;
while (totalRead < length)
{
var bytesRead = await stream.ReadAsync(memory.Slice(totalRead));
if (bytesRead == 0) break;
totalRead += bytesRead;
}
var result = new byte[totalRead];
memory[..totalRead].CopyTo(result);
return result;
}
}
// 高性能数据处理管道
public class HighPerformanceDataPipeline
{
private readonly Channel<DataItem> _inputChannel;
private readonly Channel<ProcessedData> _outputChannel;
private readonly SemaphoreSlim _processingLimiter;
public HighPerformanceDataPipeline(int maxConcurrency = Environment.ProcessorCount)
{
var inputOptions = new BoundedChannelOptions(1000)
{
FullMode = BoundedChannelFullMode.Wait,
SingleReader = false,
SingleWriter = false
};
var outputOptions = new BoundedChannelOptions(1000)
{
FullMode = BoundedChannelFullMode.Wait,
SingleReader = true,
SingleWriter = false
};
_inputChannel = Channel.CreateBounded<DataItem>(inputOptions);
_outputChannel = Channel.CreateBounded<ProcessedData>(outputOptions);
_processingLimiter = new SemaphoreSlim(maxConcurrency, maxConcurrency);
// 启动处理任务
_ = Task.Run(ProcessDataAsync);
}
public async Task<bool> AddDataAsync(DataItem item, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
return await _inputChannel.Writer.WaitToWriteAsync(cancellationToken) &&
_inputChannel.Writer.TryWrite(item);
}
public async IAsyncEnumerable<ProcessedData> GetProcessedDataAsync(
[EnumeratorCancellation] CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
await foreach (var item in _outputChannel.Reader.ReadAllAsync(cancellationToken))
{
yield return item;
}
}
private async Task ProcessDataAsync()
{
await foreach (var item in _inputChannel.Reader.ReadAllAsync())
{
await _processingLimiter.WaitAsync();
_ = Task.Run(async () =>
{
try
{
var processed = await ProcessSingleItemAsync(item);
await _outputChannel.Writer.WriteAsync(processed);
}
finally
{
_processingLimiter.Release();
}
});
}
_outputChannel.Writer.Complete();
}
private async Task<ProcessedData> ProcessSingleItemAsync(DataItem item)
{
// 模拟复杂的数据处理
await Task.Delay(Random.Shared.Next(10, 100));
return new ProcessedData
{
Id = item.Id,
ProcessedValue = item.Value * 2,
ProcessedAt = DateTime.UtcNow,
Metadata = $"Processed: {item.Metadata}"
};
}
public void Complete()
{
_inputChannel.Writer.Complete();
}
}
// 高性能序列化
public class HighPerformanceSerializer
{
private static readonly JsonSerializerOptions JsonOptions = new()
{
PropertyNamingPolicy = JsonNamingPolicy.CamelCase,
DefaultIgnoreCondition = JsonIgnoreCondition.WhenWritingNull,
WriteIndented = false
};
// 使用 System.Text.Json 进行高性能序列化
public async Task<byte[]> SerializeAsync<T>(T obj)
{
using var stream = new MemoryStream();
await JsonSerializer.SerializeAsync(stream, obj, JsonOptions);
return stream.ToArray();
}
public async Task<T?> DeserializeAsync<T>(Stream stream)
{
return await JsonSerializer.DeserializeAsync<T>(stream, JsonOptions);
}
// 使用 Utf8JsonWriter 进行流式写入
public async Task WriteJsonStreamAsync<T>(IAsyncEnumerable<T> items, Stream output)
{
using var writer = new Utf8JsonWriter(output);
writer.WriteStartArray();
await foreach (var item in items)
{
JsonSerializer.Serialize(writer, item, JsonOptions);
}
writer.WriteEndArray();
await writer.FlushAsync();
}
// 使用 Utf8JsonReader 进行流式读取
public async IAsyncEnumerable<T> ReadJsonStreamAsync<T>(Stream input)
{
var buffer = new byte[4096];
var bytesRead = await input.ReadAsync(buffer);
var reader = new Utf8JsonReader(buffer.AsSpan(0, bytesRead));
if (reader.Read() && reader.TokenType == JsonTokenType.StartArray)
{
while (reader.Read() && reader.TokenType != JsonTokenType.EndArray)
{
var item = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<T>(ref reader, JsonOptions);
if (item != null)
{
yield return item;
}
}
}
}
}
// 高性能缓存
public class HighPerformanceCache<TKey, TValue> where TKey : notnull
{
private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, CacheEntry<TValue>> _cache;
private readonly Timer _cleanupTimer;
private readonly TimeSpan _defaultExpiration;
private readonly int _maxSize;
public HighPerformanceCache(TimeSpan defaultExpiration, int maxSize = 10000)
{
_cache = new ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, CacheEntry<TValue>>();
_defaultExpiration = defaultExpiration;
_maxSize = maxSize;
// 定期清理过期项
_cleanupTimer = new Timer(CleanupExpiredItems, null, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1));
}
public bool TryGet(TKey key, out TValue? value)
{
if (_cache.TryGetValue(key, out var entry) && !entry.IsExpired)
{
entry.LastAccessed = DateTime.UtcNow;
value = entry.Value;
return true;
}
value = default;
return false;
}
public void Set(TKey key, TValue value, TimeSpan? expiration = null)
{
var expirationTime = expiration ?? _defaultExpiration;
var entry = new CacheEntry<TValue>
{
Value = value,
ExpiresAt = DateTime.UtcNow.Add(expirationTime),
LastAccessed = DateTime.UtcNow
};
_cache.AddOrUpdate(key, entry, (k, oldEntry) => entry);
// 如果缓存大小超过限制，移除最旧的项
if (_cache.Count > _maxSize)
{
RemoveOldestItems();
}
}
public async Task<TValue> GetOrSetAsync(TKey key, Func<Task<TValue>> factory, TimeSpan? expiration = null)
{
if (TryGet(key, out var value) && value != null)
{
return value;
}
var newValue = await factory();
Set(key, newValue, expiration);
return newValue;
}
private void CleanupExpiredItems(object? state)
{
var expiredKeys = _cache
.Where(kvp => kvp.Value.IsExpired)
.Select(kvp => kvp.Key)
.ToList();
foreach (var key in expiredKeys)
{
_cache.TryRemove(key, out _);
}
}
private void RemoveOldestItems()
{
var itemsToRemove = _cache.Count - _maxSize + 100; // 移除额外的100个项以避免频繁清理
var oldestItems = _cache
.OrderBy(kvp => kvp.Value.LastAccessed)
.Take(itemsToRemove)
.Select(kvp => kvp.Key)
.ToList();
foreach (var key in oldestItems)
{
_cache.TryRemove(key, out _);
}
}
public void Dispose()
{
_cleanupTimer?.Dispose();
}
}
// 缓存条目
public class CacheEntry<T>
{
public T Value { get; set; } = default!;
public DateTime ExpiresAt { get; set; }
public DateTime LastAccessed { get; set; }
public bool IsExpired => DateTime.UtcNow > ExpiresAt;
}
// 数据模型
public class DataItem
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public double Value { get; set; }
public string Metadata { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; } = DateTime.UtcNow;
}
public class ProcessedData
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public double ProcessedValue { get; set; }
public DateTime ProcessedAt { get; set; }
public string Metadata { get; set; } = string.Empty;
}
// 性能监控
public class PerformanceMonitor
{
private readonly ILogger<PerformanceMonitor> _logger;
private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, PerformanceMetrics> _metrics;
public PerformanceMonitor(ILogger<PerformanceMonitor> logger)
{
_logger = logger;
_metrics = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, PerformanceMetrics>();
}
public IDisposable StartOperation(string operationName)
{
return new OperationTimer(operationName, this);
}
internal void RecordOperation(string operationName, TimeSpan duration)
{
_metrics.AddOrUpdate(operationName,
new PerformanceMetrics { Count = 1, TotalDuration = duration, MinDuration = duration, MaxDuration = duration },
(key, existing) =>
{
existing.Count++;
existing.TotalDuration += duration;
existing.MinDuration = TimeSpan.FromTicks(Math.Min(existing.MinDuration.Ticks, duration.Ticks));
existing.MaxDuration = TimeSpan.FromTicks(Math.Max(existing.MaxDuration.Ticks, duration.Ticks));
return existing;
});
}
public void LogMetrics()
{
foreach (var kvp in _metrics)
{
var metrics = kvp.Value;
var avgDuration = TimeSpan.FromTicks(metrics.TotalDuration.Ticks / metrics.Count);
_logger.LogInformation(
"Operation: {Operation}, Count: {Count}, Avg: {AvgDuration}ms, Min: {MinDuration}ms, Max: {MaxDuration}ms",
kvp.Key, metrics.Count, avgDuration.TotalMilliseconds,
metrics.MinDuration.TotalMilliseconds, metrics.MaxDuration.TotalMilliseconds);
}
}
private class OperationTimer : IDisposable
{
private readonly string _operationName;
private readonly PerformanceMonitor _monitor;
private readonly Stopwatch _stopwatch;
public OperationTimer(string operationName, PerformanceMonitor monitor)
{
_operationName = operationName;
_monitor = monitor;
_stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
}
public void Dispose()
{
_stopwatch.Stop();
_monitor.RecordOperation(_operationName, _stopwatch.Elapsed);
}
}
}
public class PerformanceMetrics
{
public long Count { get; set; }
public TimeSpan TotalDuration { get; set; }
public TimeSpan MinDuration { get; set; }
public TimeSpan MaxDuration { get; set; }
}
新兴应用领域
区块链和 Web3 开发
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text.Json;
using Nethereum.Web3;
using Nethereum.Web3.Accounts;
using Nethereum.Contracts;
using Nethereum.Hex.HexTypes;
// 简单区块链实现
public class SimpleBlockchain
{
private readonly List<Block> _chain;
private readonly List<Transaction> _pendingTransactions;
private readonly int _miningReward;
public SimpleBlockchain()
{
_chain = new List<Block> { CreateGenesisBlock() };
_pendingTransactions = new List<Transaction>();
_miningReward = 100;
}
private Block CreateGenesisBlock()
{
return new Block(DateTime.UtcNow, new List<Transaction>(), "0")
{
Hash = "0"
};
}
public Block GetLatestBlock()
{
return _chain[^1];
}
public void CreateTransaction(Transaction transaction)
{
if (!IsValidTransaction(transaction))
{
throw new InvalidOperationException("Invalid transaction");
}
_pendingTransactions.Add(transaction);
}
public void MinePendingTransactions(string miningRewardAddress)
{
// 添加挖矿奖励交易
var rewardTransaction = new Transaction(null, miningRewardAddress, _miningReward);
_pendingTransactions.Add(rewardTransaction);
var block = new Block(
DateTime.UtcNow,
_pendingTransactions.ToList(),
GetLatestBlock().Hash);
block.MineBlock(4); // 难度为4
_chain.Add(block);
_pendingTransactions.Clear();
}
public decimal GetBalance(string address)
{
decimal balance = 0;
foreach (var block in _chain)
{
foreach (var transaction in block.Transactions)
{
if (transaction.FromAddress == address)
{
balance -= transaction.Amount;
}
if (transaction.ToAddress == address)
{
balance += transaction.Amount;
}
}
}
return balance;
}
public bool IsChainValid()
{
for (int i = 1; i < _chain.Count; i++)
{
var currentBlock = _chain[i];
var previousBlock = _chain[i - 1];
if (currentBlock.Hash != currentBlock.CalculateHash())
{
return false;
}
if (currentBlock.PreviousHash != previousBlock.Hash)
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
private bool IsValidTransaction(Transaction transaction)
{
if (transaction.FromAddress == null) return true; // 挖矿奖励
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(transaction.Signature))
{
return false;
}
var balance = GetBalance(transaction.FromAddress);
return balance >= transaction.Amount;
}
}
// 区块
public class Block
{
public DateTime Timestamp { get; set; }
public List<Transaction> Transactions { get; set; }
public string PreviousHash { get; set; }
public string Hash { get; set; }
public int Nonce { get; set; }
public Block(DateTime timestamp, List<Transaction> transactions, string previousHash)
{
Timestamp = timestamp;
Transactions = transactions;
PreviousHash = previousHash;
Hash = CalculateHash();
Nonce = 0;
}
public string CalculateHash()
{
var data = $"{PreviousHash}{Timestamp:O}{JsonSerializer.Serialize(Transactions)}{Nonce}";
using var sha256 = SHA256.Create();
var hashBytes = sha256.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data));
return Convert.ToHexString(hashBytes);
}
public void MineBlock(int difficulty)
{
var target = new string('0', difficulty);
while (Hash[..difficulty] != target)
{
Nonce++;
Hash = CalculateHash();
}
Console.WriteLine($"Block mined: {Hash}");
}
}
// 交易
public class Transaction
{
public string? FromAddress { get; set; }
public string ToAddress { get; set; }
public decimal Amount { get; set; }
public DateTime Timestamp { get; set; }
public string Signature { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public Transaction(string? fromAddress, string toAddress, decimal amount)
{
FromAddress = fromAddress;
ToAddress = toAddress;
Amount = amount;
Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow;
}
public string CalculateHash()
{
var data = $"{FromAddress}{ToAddress}{Amount}{Timestamp:O}";
using var sha256 = SHA256.Create();
var hashBytes = sha256.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data));
return Convert.ToHexString(hashBytes);
}
public void SignTransaction(string privateKey)
{
// 简化的签名实现
var hash = CalculateHash();
Signature = $"{privateKey}:{hash}";
}
public bool IsValid()
{
if (FromAddress == null) return true; // 挖矿奖励
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Signature))
{
return false;
}
// 简化的签名验证
var parts = Signature.Split(':');
if (parts.Length != 2) return false;
var expectedHash = CalculateHash();
return parts[1] == expectedHash;
}
}
// 以太坊智能合约交互
public class EthereumContractService
{
private readonly Web3 _web3;
private readonly Account _account;
public EthereumContractService(string nodeUrl, string privateKey)
{
_account = new Account(privateKey);
_web3 = new Web3(_account, nodeUrl);
}
public async Task<string> DeployContractAsync(string contractBytecode, string abi, params object[] constructorParams)
{
try
{
var deployment = new ContractDeploymentMessage
{
Bytecode = contractBytecode,
Gas = new HexBigInteger(3000000),
GasPrice = new HexBigInteger(20000000000) // 20 Gwei
};
var receipt = await _web3.Eth.DeployContract.SendRequestAndWaitForReceiptAsync(deployment);
return receipt.ContractAddress;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"Contract deployment failed: {ex.Message}", ex);
}
}
public async Task<T> CallContractFunctionAsync<T>(string contractAddress, string abi, string functionName, params object[] parameters)
{
try
{
var contract = _web3.Eth.GetContract(abi, contractAddress);
var function = contract.GetFunction(functionName);
return await function.CallAsync<T>(parameters);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"Contract function call failed: {ex.Message}", ex);
}
}
public async Task<string> SendContractTransactionAsync(string contractAddress, string abi, string functionName, params object[] parameters)
{
try
{
var contract = _web3.Eth.GetContract(abi, contractAddress);
var function = contract.GetFunction(functionName);
var gas = await function.EstimateGasAsync(_account.Address, null, null, parameters);
var receipt = await function.SendTransactionAndWaitForReceiptAsync(
_account.Address, gas, null, null, parameters);
return receipt.TransactionHash;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"Contract transaction failed: {ex.Message}", ex);
}
}
public async Task<decimal> GetBalanceAsync(string address)
{
var balance = await _web3.Eth.GetBalance.SendRequestAsync(address);
return Web3.Convert.FromWei(balance.Value);
}
public async Task<string> SendEtherAsync(string toAddress, decimal amount)
{
try
{
var amountInWei = Web3.Convert.ToWei(amount);
var transaction = await _web3.Eth.GetEtherTransferService()
.TransferEtherAndWaitForReceiptAsync(toAddress, amount);
return transaction.TransactionHash;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"Ether transfer failed: {ex.Message}", ex);
}
}
}
// NFT 管理
public class NFTManager
{
private readonly EthereumContractService _contractService;
private readonly string _nftContractAddress;
private readonly string _nftContractAbi;
public NFTManager(EthereumContractService contractService, string nftContractAddress, string nftContractAbi)
{
_contractService = contractService;
_nftContractAddress = nftContractAddress;
_nftContractAbi = nftContractAbi;
}
public async Task<string> MintNFTAsync(string toAddress, string tokenURI, Dictionary<string, object> metadata)
{
try
{
// 上传元数据到IPFS或其他存储
var metadataUri = await UploadMetadataAsync(metadata);
// 调用智能合约的mint函数
var transactionHash = await _contractService.SendContractTransactionAsync(
_nftContractAddress,
_nftContractAbi,
"mint",
toAddress,
metadataUri
);
return transactionHash;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"NFT minting failed: {ex.Message}", ex);
}
}
public async Task<NFTMetadata> GetNFTMetadataAsync(int tokenId)
{
try
{
var tokenURI = await _contractService.CallContractFunctionAsync<string>(
_nftContractAddress,
_nftContractAbi,
"tokenURI",
tokenId
);
// 从IPFS或其他存储获取元数据
return await FetchMetadataAsync(tokenURI);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"Failed to get NFT metadata: {ex.Message}", ex);
}
}
public async Task<string> TransferNFTAsync(string fromAddress, string toAddress, int tokenId)
{
try
{
var transactionHash = await _contractService.SendContractTransactionAsync(
_nftContractAddress,
_nftContractAbi,
"transferFrom",
fromAddress,
toAddress,
tokenId
);
return transactionHash;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"NFT transfer failed: {ex.Message}", ex);
}
}
public async Task<List<int>> GetOwnedTokensAsync(string ownerAddress)
{
try
{
var balance = await _contractService.CallContractFunctionAsync<int>(
_nftContractAddress,
_nftContractAbi,
"balanceOf",
ownerAddress
);
var tokens = new List<int>();
for (int i = 0; i < balance; i++)
{
var tokenId = await _contractService.CallContractFunctionAsync<int>(
_nftContractAddress,
_nftContractAbi,
"tokenOfOwnerByIndex",
ownerAddress,
i
);
tokens.Add(tokenId);
}
return tokens;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"Failed to get owned tokens: {ex.Message}", ex);
}
}
private async Task<string> UploadMetadataAsync(Dictionary<string, object> metadata)
{
// 简化实现 - 实际应用中应该上传到IPFS
var json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(metadata);
var hash = Convert.ToHexString(SHA256.HashData(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(json)));
return $"ipfs://{hash}";
}
private async Task<NFTMetadata> FetchMetadataAsync(string tokenURI)
{
// 简化实现 - 实际应用中应该从IPFS获取
return new NFTMetadata
{
Name = "Sample NFT",
Description = "A sample NFT",
Image = "ipfs://sample-image-hash",
Attributes = new List<NFTAttribute>
{
new() { TraitType = "Color", Value = "Blue" },
new() { TraitType = "Rarity", Value = "Common" }
}
};
}
}
// NFT 元数据模型
public class NFTMetadata
{
public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string Description { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string Image { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public List<NFTAttribute> Attributes { get; set; } = new();
}
public class NFTAttribute
{
public string TraitType { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string Value { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string? DisplayType { get; set; }
}
// DeFi 协议交互
public class DeFiProtocolService
{
private readonly EthereumContractService _contractService;
public DeFiProtocolService(EthereumContractService contractService)
{
_contractService = contractService;
}
public async Task<string> SwapTokensAsync(string dexContractAddress, string dexAbi,
string tokenA, string tokenB, decimal amountIn, decimal minAmountOut)
{
try
{
var transactionHash = await _contractService.SendContractTransactionAsync(
dexContractAddress,
dexAbi,
"swapExactTokensForTokens",
Web3.Convert.ToWei(amountIn),
Web3.Convert.ToWei(minAmountOut),
new[] { tokenA, tokenB },
_contractService._account.Address,
DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.AddMinutes(20).ToUnixTimeSeconds()
);
return transactionHash;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"Token swap failed: {ex.Message}", ex);
}
}
public async Task<string> ProvideLiquidityAsync(string poolContractAddress, string poolAbi,
string tokenA, string tokenB, decimal amountA, decimal amountB)
{
try
{
var transactionHash = await _contractService.SendContractTransactionAsync(
poolContractAddress,
poolAbi,
"addLiquidity",
tokenA,
tokenB,
Web3.Convert.ToWei(amountA),
Web3.Convert.ToWei(amountB),
Web3.Convert.ToWei(amountA * 0.95m), // 5% slippage
Web3.Convert.ToWei(amountB * 0.95m),
_contractService._account.Address,
DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.AddMinutes(20).ToUnixTimeSeconds()
);
return transactionHash;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"Liquidity provision failed: {ex.Message}", ex);
}
}
}
量子计算应用
using Microsoft.Quantum.Simulation.Core;
using Microsoft.Quantum.Simulation.Simulators;
using System.Numerics;
// 量子计算模拟器
public class QuantumComputingSimulator
{
private readonly QuantumSimulator _simulator;
public QuantumComputingSimulator()
{
_simulator = new QuantumSimulator();
}
// 量子随机数生成
public async Task<bool[]> GenerateQuantumRandomBitsAsync(int count)
{
var results = new bool[count];
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
// 模拟量子随机数生成
results[i] = await SimulateQuantumRandomBitAsync();
}
return results;
}
private async Task<bool> SimulateQuantumRandomBitAsync()
{
// 简化的量子随机数生成模拟
// 在真实的量子计算中，这将使用量子叠加态
var random = new Random();
await Task.Delay(1); // 模拟量子操作时间
return random.NextDouble() > 0.5;
}
// 量子加密密钥生成
public async Task<QuantumKey> GenerateQuantumKeyAsync(int keyLength)
{
var keyBits = await GenerateQuantumRandomBitsAsync(keyLength);
var key = new QuantumKey
{
Bits = keyBits,
Length = keyLength,
GeneratedAt = DateTime.UtcNow,
Entropy = CalculateEntropy(keyBits)
};
return key;
}
// 量子纠缠模拟
public async Task<QuantumEntanglementResult> SimulateQuantumEntanglementAsync()
{
// 模拟量子纠缠对的创建和测量
var entangledPair = await CreateEntangledPairAsync();
// 测量第一个量子比特
var measurement1 = await MeasureQuantumBitAsync(entangledPair.Qubit1);
// 由于纠缠，第二个量子比特的测量结果应该是相关的
var measurement2 = await MeasureQuantumBitAsync(entangledPair.Qubit2);
return new QuantumEntanglementResult
{
Measurement1 = measurement1,
Measurement2 = measurement2,
IsEntangled = measurement1.Value != measurement2.Value, // 简化的纠缠验证
CorrelationStrength = CalculateCorrelation(measurement1, measurement2)
};
}
// 量子算法模拟 - Grover搜索算法
public async Task<GroverSearchResult> SimulateGroverSearchAsync(int[] searchSpace, int target)
{
var startTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
// 模拟Grover算法的量子搜索
var iterations = (int)Math.Ceiling(Math.PI / 4 * Math.Sqrt(searchSpace.Length));
for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++)
{
// 模拟量子叠加和振幅放大
await Task.Delay(10); // 模拟量子操作
}
var endTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
var foundIndex = Array.IndexOf(searchSpace, target);
return new GroverSearchResult
{
Target = target,
FoundIndex = foundIndex,
Found = foundIndex >= 0,
Iterations = iterations,
ClassicalIterations = searchSpace.Length / 2, // 平均情况
QuantumSpeedup = foundIndex >= 0 ? (double)(searchSpace.Length / 2) / iterations : 0,
ExecutionTime = endTime - startTime
};
}
// 量子机器学习模拟
public async Task<QuantumMLResult> SimulateQuantumMachineLearningAsync(double[][] trainingData, double[] labels)
{
var startTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
// 模拟量子特征映射
var quantumFeatures = await MapToQuantumFeaturesAsync(trainingData);
// 模拟变分量子分类器训练
var model = await TrainVariationalQuantumClassifierAsync(quantumFeatures, labels);
var endTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
return new QuantumMLResult
{
Model = model,
TrainingTime = endTime - startTime,
QuantumAdvantage = CalculateQuantumAdvantage(trainingData.Length),
Accuracy = await EvaluateModelAsync(model, quantumFeatures, labels)
};
}
private async Task<QuantumEntangledPair> CreateEntangledPairAsync()
{
await Task.Delay(5); // 模拟量子纠缠创建时间
return new QuantumEntangledPair
{
Qubit1 = new QuantumBit { Id = Guid.NewGuid(), State = QuantumState.Superposition },
Qubit2 = new QuantumBit { Id = Guid.NewGuid(), State = QuantumState.Superposition },
EntanglementStrength = 1.0
};
}
private async Task<QuantumMeasurement> MeasureQuantumBitAsync(QuantumBit qubit)
{
await Task.Delay(1); // 模拟测量时间
var random = new Random();
var value = random.NextDouble() > 0.5;
return new QuantumMeasurement
{
QubitId = qubit.Id,
Value = value,
Probability = 0.5, // 在叠加态中，测量概率为50%
MeasuredAt = DateTime.UtcNow
};
}
private double CalculateEntropy(bool[] bits)
{
var ones = bits.Count(b => b);
var zeros = bits.Length - ones;
if (ones == 0 || zeros == 0) return 0;
var p1 = (double)ones / bits.Length;
var p0 = (double)zeros / bits.Length;
return -(p1 * Math.Log2(p1) + p0 * Math.Log2(p0));
}
private double CalculateCorrelation(QuantumMeasurement m1, QuantumMeasurement m2)
{
// 简化的相关性计算
return m1.Value == m2.Value ? -1.0 : 1.0; // 反相关表示纠缠
}
private async Task<double[][]> MapToQuantumFeaturesAsync(double[][] classicalData)
{
// 模拟量子特征映射
var quantumFeatures = new double[classicalData.Length][];
for (int i = 0; i < classicalData.Length; i++)
{
quantumFeatures[i] = new double[classicalData[i].Length * 2]; // 量子特征空间扩展
for (int j = 0; j < classicalData[i].Length; j++)
{
// 模拟量子特征映射 φ(x) = [cos(πx), sin(πx)]
quantumFeatures[i][j * 2] = Math.Cos(Math.PI * classicalData[i][j]);
quantumFeatures[i][j * 2 + 1] = Math.Sin(Math.PI * classicalData[i][j]);
}
await Task.Delay(1); // 模拟量子映射时间
}
return quantumFeatures;
}
private async Task<QuantumMLModel> TrainVariationalQuantumClassifierAsync(double[][] features, double[] labels)
{
// 模拟变分量子分类器训练
var parameters = new double[features[0].Length];
var random = new Random();
// 初始化随机参数
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.Length; i++)
{
parameters[i] = random.NextDouble() * 2 * Math.PI;
}
// 模拟训练迭代
for (int epoch = 0; epoch < 100; epoch++)
{
// 模拟梯度计算和参数更新
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.Length; i++)
{
parameters[i] += (random.NextDouble() - 0.5) * 0.01; // 简化的参数更新
}
await Task.Delay(1); // 模拟训练时间
}
return new QuantumMLModel
{
Parameters = parameters,
FeatureDimension = features[0].Length,
TrainedAt = DateTime.UtcNow
};
}
private async Task<double> EvaluateModelAsync(QuantumMLModel model, double[][] features, double[] labels)
{
int correct = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < features.Length; i++)
{
var prediction = await PredictAsync(model, features[i]);
if (Math.Round(prediction) == labels[i])
{
correct++;
}
}
return (double)correct / features.Length;
}
private async Task<double> PredictAsync(QuantumMLModel model, double[] features)
{
// 模拟量子预测
double result = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < features.Length; i++)
{
result += features[i] * Math.Cos(model.Parameters[i]);
}
await Task.Delay(1); // 模拟预测时间
return Math.Sigmoid(result); // 使用Sigmoid激活函数
}
private double CalculateQuantumAdvantage(int dataSize)
{
// 简化的量子优势计算
return Math.Log2(dataSize); // 量子算法通常提供多项式或指数级加速
}
public void Dispose()
{
_simulator?.Dispose();
}
}
// 量子计算相关数据模型
public class QuantumKey
{
public bool[] Bits { get; set; } = Array.Empty<bool>();
public int Length { get; set; }
public DateTime GeneratedAt { get; set; }
public double Entropy { get; set; }
}
public class QuantumBit
{
public Guid Id { get; set; }
public QuantumState State { get; set; }
}
public enum QuantumState
{
Zero,
One,
Superposition
}
public class QuantumEntangledPair
{
public QuantumBit Qubit1 { get; set; } = new();
public QuantumBit Qubit2 { get; set; } = new();
public double EntanglementStrength { get; set; }
}
public class QuantumMeasurement
{
public Guid QubitId { get; set; }
public bool Value { get; set; }
public double Probability { get; set; }
public DateTime MeasuredAt { get; set; }
}
public class QuantumEntanglementResult
{
public QuantumMeasurement Measurement1 { get; set; } = new();
public QuantumMeasurement Measurement2 { get; set; } = new();
public bool IsEntangled { get; set; }
public double CorrelationStrength { get; set; }
}
public class GroverSearchResult
{
public int Target { get; set; }
public int FoundIndex { get; set; }
public bool Found { get; set; }
public int Iterations { get; set; }
public int ClassicalIterations { get; set; }
public double QuantumSpeedup { get; set; }
public TimeSpan ExecutionTime { get; set; }
}
public class QuantumMLModel
{
public double[] Parameters { get; set; } = Array.Empty<double>();
public int FeatureDimension { get; set; }
public DateTime TrainedAt { get; set; }
}
public class QuantumMLResult
{
public QuantumMLModel Model { get; set; } = new();
public TimeSpan TrainingTime { get; set; }
public double QuantumAdvantage { get; set; }
public double Accuracy { get; set; }
}
// 数学扩展方法
public static class MathExtensions
{
public static double Sigmoid(double x)
{
return 1.0 / (1.0 + Math.Exp(-x));
}
}
AR/VR 应用开发
using System.Numerics;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
// AR/VR 应用框架
public class ARVRApplicationFramework
{
private readonly ILogger<ARVRApplicationFramework> _logger;
private readonly List<ARObject> _arObjects;
private readonly List<VRObject> _vrObjects;
private readonly SpatialTracker _spatialTracker;
public ARVRApplicationFramework(ILogger<ARVRApplicationFramework> logger)
{
_logger = logger;
_arObjects = new List<ARObject>();
_vrObjects = new List<VRObject>();
_spatialTracker = new SpatialTracker();
}
// AR 对象管理
public void AddARObject(ARObject arObject)
{
arObject.Id = Guid.NewGuid();
arObject.CreatedAt = DateTime.UtcNow;
_arObjects.Add(arObject);
_logger.LogInformation("AR object added: {ObjectId} at position {Position}",
arObject.Id, arObject.Position);
}
public void UpdateARObject(Guid objectId, Vector3 newPosition, Quaternion newRotation)
{
var arObject = _arObjects.FirstOrDefault(obj => obj.Id == objectId);
if (arObject != null)
{
arObject.Position = newPosition;
arObject.Rotation = newRotation;
arObject.LastUpdated = DateTime.UtcNow;
_logger.LogDebug("AR object updated: {ObjectId}", objectId);
}
}
public void RemoveARObject(Guid objectId)
{
var arObject = _arObjects.FirstOrDefault(obj => obj.Id == objectId);
if (arObject != null)
{
_arObjects.Remove(arObject);
_logger.LogInformation("AR object removed: {ObjectId}", objectId);
}
}
// 空间追踪和映射
public async Task<SpatialMap> CreateSpatialMapAsync()
{
_logger.LogInformation("Starting spatial mapping...");
var spatialMap = new SpatialMap
{
Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
CreatedAt = DateTime.UtcNow,
Surfaces = new List<SpatialSurface>(),
Anchors = new List<SpatialAnchor>()
};
// 模拟空间扫描过程
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
await Task.Delay(100); // 模拟扫描时间
var surface = await _spatialTracker.ScanSurfaceAsync();
spatialMap.Surfaces.Add(surface);
_logger.LogDebug("Surface scanned: {SurfaceId}", surface.Id);
}
_logger.LogInformation("Spatial mapping completed. Found {SurfaceCount} surfaces",
spatialMap.Surfaces.Count);
return spatialMap;
}
// 手势识别
public async Task<GestureRecognitionResult> RecognizeGestureAsync(HandTrackingData handData)
{
var gestureRecognizer = new GestureRecognizer();
var result = await gestureRecognizer.RecognizeAsync(handData);
if (result.Confidence > 0.8)
{
_logger.LogInformation("Gesture recognized: {GestureType} with confidence {Confidence}",
result.GestureType, result.Confidence);
// 触发手势事件
await HandleGestureAsync(result);
}
return result;
}
// VR 环境管理
public async Task<VREnvironment> CreateVREnvironmentAsync(VREnvironmentConfig config)
{
_logger.LogInformation("Creating VR environment: {EnvironmentName}", config.Name);
var environment = new VREnvironment
{
Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
Name = config.Name,
CreatedAt = DateTime.UtcNow,
Objects = new List<VRObject>(),
Lighting = config.Lighting,
Physics = new PhysicsEngine()
};
// 加载环境资源
await LoadEnvironmentAssetsAsync(environment, config);
// 初始化物理引擎
environment.Physics.Initialize(config.Gravity, config.CollisionDetection);
_logger.LogInformation("VR environment created successfully");
return environment;
}
// 多用户协作
public async Task<CollaborativeSession> StartCollaborativeSessionAsync(string sessionName)
{
var session = new CollaborativeSession
{
Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
Name = sessionName,
CreatedAt = DateTime.UtcNow,
Participants = new List<Participant>(),
SharedObjects = new List<SharedObject>()
};
_logger.LogInformation("Collaborative session started: {SessionId}", session.Id);
return session;
}
public async Task AddParticipantAsync(CollaborativeSession session, User user)
{
var participant = new Participant
{
Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
UserId = user.Id,
UserName = user.Name,
JoinedAt = DateTime.UtcNow,
Avatar = await CreateAvatarAsync(user),
Position = Vector3.Zero,
Rotation = Quaternion.Identity
};
session.Participants.Add(participant);
_logger.LogInformation("Participant added to session: {UserId}", user.Id);
// 通知其他参与者
await NotifyParticipantsAsync(session, $"{user.Name} joined the session");
}
// 实时渲染优化
public async Task OptimizeRenderingAsync(RenderingContext context)
{
// 视锥剔除
var visibleObjects = PerformFrustumCulling(context.Camera, _arObjects.Cast<IRenderable>().ToList());
// LOD (Level of Detail) 管理
foreach (var obj in visibleObjects)
{
var distance = Vector3.Distance(context.Camera.Position, obj.Position);
obj.LevelOfDetail = CalculateLOD(distance);
}
// 批处理渲染
var batches = GroupObjectsForBatching(visibleObjects);
foreach (var batch in batches)
{
await RenderBatchAsync(batch, context);
}
_logger.LogDebug("Rendered {ObjectCount} objects in {BatchCount} batches",
visibleObjects.Count, batches.Count);
}
private async Task HandleGestureAsync(GestureRecognitionResult gesture)
{
switch (gesture.GestureType)
{
case GestureType.Tap:
await HandleTapGestureAsync(gesture);
break;
case GestureType.Pinch:
await HandlePinchGestureAsync(gesture);
break;
case GestureType.Swipe:
await HandleSwipeGestureAsync(gesture);
break;
default:
_logger.LogWarning("Unknown gesture type: {GestureType}", gesture.GestureType);
break;
}
}
private async Task HandleTapGestureAsync(GestureRecognitionResult gesture)
{
// 射线检测
var ray = new Ray(gesture.Position, gesture.Direction);
var hitObject = PerformRaycast(ray);
if (hitObject != null)
{
await hitObject.OnTapAsync(gesture.Position);
_logger.LogInformation("Object tapped: {ObjectId}", hitObject.Id);
}
}
private async Task HandlePinchGestureAsync(GestureRecognitionResult gesture)
{
// 实现捏取手势逻辑
var selectedObject = GetSelectedObject();
if (selectedObject != null)
{
selectedObject.Scale *= gesture.PinchStrength;
await selectedObject.UpdateAsync();
}
}
private async Task HandleSwipeGestureAsync(GestureRecognitionResult gesture)
{
// 实现滑动手势逻辑
var swipeDirection = gesture.Direction;
await NavigateBasedOnSwipeAsync(swipeDirection);
}
private async Task LoadEnvironmentAssetsAsync(VREnvironment environment, VREnvironmentConfig config)
{
foreach (var assetPath in config.AssetPaths)
{
var asset = await LoadAssetAsync(assetPath);
environment.Objects.Add(asset);
}
}
private async Task<VRObject> LoadAssetAsync(string assetPath)
{
// 模拟资源加载
await Task.Delay(100);
return new VRObject
{
Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
Name = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(assetPath),
AssetPath = assetPath,
Position = Vector3.Zero,
Rotation = Quaternion.Identity,
Scale = Vector3.One
};
}
private async Task<Avatar> CreateAvatarAsync(User user)
{
return new Avatar
{
Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
UserId = user.Id,
Name = user.Name,
ModelPath = $"avatars/{user.Id}.fbx",
Position = Vector3.Zero,
Rotation = Quaternion.Identity
};
}
private async Task NotifyParticipantsAsync(CollaborativeSession session, string message)
{
foreach (var participant in session.Participants)
{
// 发送通知给参与者
await SendNotificationAsync(participant.UserId, message);
}
}
private async Task SendNotificationAsync(Guid userId, string message)
{
// 实现通知发送逻辑
_logger.LogInformation("Notification sent to user {UserId}: {Message}", userId, message);
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
private List<IRenderable> PerformFrustumCulling(Camera camera, List<IRenderable> objects)
{
return objects.Where(obj => IsInFrustum(camera, obj)).ToList();
}
private bool IsInFrustum(Camera camera, IRenderable obj)
{
// 简化的视锥剔除检测
var distance = Vector3.Distance(camera.Position, obj.Position);
return distance <= camera.FarPlane;
}
private int CalculateLOD(float distance)
{
if (distance < 10) return 0; // 高细节
if (distance < 50) return 1; // 中等细节
return 2; // 低细节
}
private List<RenderBatch> GroupObjectsForBatching(List<IRenderable> objects)
{
return objects
.GroupBy(obj => obj.MaterialId)
.Select(group => new RenderBatch
{
MaterialId = group.Key,
Objects = group.ToList()
})
.ToList();
}
private async Task RenderBatchAsync(RenderBatch batch, RenderingContext context)
{
// 实现批处理渲染逻辑
await Task.Delay(1); // 模拟渲染时间
}
private IRenderable? PerformRaycast(Ray ray)
{
// 简化的射线检测
return _arObjects.Cast<IRenderable>()
.FirstOrDefault(obj => IsRayIntersecting(ray, obj));
}
private bool IsRayIntersecting(Ray ray, IRenderable obj)
{
// 简化的射线-对象相交检测
var distance = Vector3.Distance(ray.Origin, obj.Position);
return distance < 1.0f; // 简单的距离检测
}
private IRenderable? GetSelectedObject()
{
// 返回当前选中的对象
return _arObjects.Cast<IRenderable>().FirstOrDefault();
}
private async Task NavigateBasedOnSwipeAsync(Vector3 swipeDirection)
{
// 实现基于滑动的导航逻辑
_logger.LogInformation("Navigating based on swipe direction: {Direction}", swipeDirection);
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
// AR/VR 相关数据模型
public class ARObject : IRenderable
{
public Guid Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public Vector3 Position { get; set; }
public Quaternion Rotation { get; set; }
public Vector3 Scale { get; set; } = Vector3.One;
public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; }
public DateTime LastUpdated { get; set; }
public string MaterialId { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public int LevelOfDetail { get; set; }
public async Task OnTapAsync(Vector3 tapPosition)
{
// 处理点击事件
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
public async Task UpdateAsync()
{
LastUpdated = DateTime.UtcNow;
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
public class VRObject
{
public Guid Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string AssetPath { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public Vector3 Position { get; set; }
public Quaternion Rotation { get; set; }
public Vector3 Scale { get; set; } = Vector3.One;
}
public interface IRenderable
{
Guid Id { get; set; }
Vector3 Position { get; set; }
string MaterialId { get; set; }
int LevelOfDetail { get; set; }
}
public class SpatialTracker
{
public async Task<SpatialSurface> ScanSurfaceAsync()
{
await Task.Delay(50); // 模拟扫描时间
return new SpatialSurface
{
Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
Vertices = GenerateRandomVertices(),
Normal = Vector3.UnitY,
Area = 1.0f
};
}
private Vector3[] GenerateRandomVertices()
{
var random = new Random();
var vertices = new Vector3[4];
for (int i = 0; i < vertices.Length; i++)
{
vertices[i] = new Vector3(
(float)(random.NextDouble() * 10 - 5),
0,
(float)(random.NextDouble() * 10 - 5)
);
}
return vertices;
}
}
public class SpatialMap
{
public Guid Id { get; set; }
public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; }
public List<SpatialSurface> Surfaces { get; set; } = new();
public List<SpatialAnchor> Anchors { get; set; } = new();
}
public class SpatialSurface
{
public Guid Id { get; set; }
public Vector3[] Vertices { get; set; } = Array.Empty<Vector3>();
public Vector3 Normal { get; set; }
public float Area { get; set; }
}
public class SpatialAnchor
{
public Guid Id { get; set; }
public Vector3 Position { get; set; }
public Quaternion Rotation { get; set; }
public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; }
}
public class GestureRecognizer
{
public async Task<GestureRecognitionResult> RecognizeAsync(HandTrackingData handData)
{
await Task.Delay(10); // 模拟识别时间
// 简化的手势识别逻辑
var gestureType = DetermineGestureType(handData);
var confidence = CalculateConfidence(handData, gestureType);
return new GestureRecognitionResult
{
GestureType = gestureType,
Confidence = confidence,
Position = handData.Position,
Direction = handData.Direction,
PinchStrength = handData.PinchStrength
};
}
private GestureType DetermineGestureType(HandTrackingData handData)
{
// 简化的手势类型判断
if (handData.PinchStrength > 0.8) return GestureType.Pinch;
if (handData.Velocity.Length() > 2.0f) return GestureType.Swipe;
return GestureType.Tap;
}
private double CalculateConfidence(HandTrackingData handData, GestureType gestureType)
{
// 简化的置信度计算
var random = new Random();
return 0.7 + random.NextDouble() * 0.3; // 70%-100%
}
}
public class HandTrackingData
{
public Vector3 Position { get; set; }
public Vector3 Direction { get; set; }
public Vector3 Velocity { get; set; }
public float PinchStrength { get; set; }
public DateTime Timestamp { get; set; }
}
public class GestureRecognitionResult
{
public GestureType GestureType { get; set; }
public double Confidence { get; set; }
public Vector3 Position { get; set; }
public Vector3 Direction { get; set; }
public float PinchStrength { get; set; }
}
public enum GestureType
{
Tap,
Pinch,
Swipe,
Grab,
Point
}
public class VREnvironment
{
public Guid Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; }
public List<VRObject> Objects { get; set; } = new();
public LightingConfig Lighting { get; set; } = new();
public PhysicsEngine Physics { get; set; } = new();
}
public class VREnvironmentConfig
{
public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public List<string> AssetPaths { get; set; } = new();
public LightingConfig Lighting { get; set; } = new();
public Vector3 Gravity { get; set; } = new(0, -9.81f, 0);
public bool CollisionDetection { get; set; } = true;
}
public class LightingConfig
{
public Vector3 AmbientColor { get; set; } = Vector3.One * 0.2f;
public Vector3 DirectionalLightColor { get; set; } = Vector3.One;
public Vector3 DirectionalLightDirection { get; set; } = new(0, -1, 0);
}
public class PhysicsEngine
{
public void Initialize(Vector3 gravity, bool enableCollisionDetection)
{
// 初始化物理引擎
}
}
public class CollaborativeSession
{
public Guid Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; }
public List<Participant> Participants { get; set; } = new();
public List<SharedObject> SharedObjects { get; set; } = new();
}
public class Participant
{
public Guid Id { get; set; }
public Guid UserId { get; set; }
public string UserName { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public DateTime JoinedAt { get; set; }
public Avatar Avatar { get; set; } = new();
public Vector3 Position { get; set; }
public Quaternion Rotation { get; set; }
}
public class SharedObject
{
public Guid Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public Vector3 Position { get; set; }
public Quaternion Rotation { get; set; }
public Guid OwnerId { get; set; }
public DateTime LastModified { get; set; }
}
public class Avatar
{
public Guid Id { get; set; }
public Guid UserId { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string ModelPath { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public Vector3 Position { get; set; }
public Quaternion Rotation { get; set; }
}
public class Camera
{
public Vector3 Position { get; set; }
public Vector3 Forward { get; set; }
public float FarPlane { get; set; } = 1000f;
}
public class RenderingContext
{
public Camera Camera { get; set; } = new();
public DateTime FrameTime { get; set; }
}
public class RenderBatch
{
public string MaterialId { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public List<IRenderable> Objects { get; set; } = new();
}
public class Ray
{
public Vector3 Origin { get; set; }
public Vector3 Direction { get; set; }
public Ray(Vector3 origin, Vector3 direction)
{
Origin = origin;
Direction = direction;
}
}
跨平台移动开发
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System.Text.Json;
// .NET MAUI 跨平台应用框架
public class CrossPlatformMobileApp
{
private readonly ILogger<CrossPlatformMobileApp> _logger;
private readonly IPlatformService _platformService;
private readonly IDataSyncService _dataSyncService;
private readonly INotificationService _notificationService;
public CrossPlatformMobileApp(
ILogger<CrossPlatformMobileApp> logger,
IPlatformService platformService,
IDataSyncService dataSyncService,
INotificationService notificationService)
{
_logger = logger;
_platformService = platformService;
_dataSyncService = dataSyncService;
_notificationService = notificationService;
}
// 应用初始化
public async Task InitializeAsync()
{
_logger.LogInformation("Initializing cross-platform mobile app...");
// 检测平台信息
var platformInfo = await _platformService.GetPlatformInfoAsync();
_logger.LogInformation("Running on {Platform} {Version}",
platformInfo.Platform, platformInfo.Version);
// 初始化数据同步
await _dataSyncService.InitializeAsync();
// 注册推送通知
await _notificationService.RegisterForNotificationsAsync();
_logger.LogInformation("App initialization completed");
}
// 用户认证
public async Task<AuthenticationResult> AuthenticateUserAsync(string username, string password)
{
try
{
_logger.LogInformation("Authenticating user: {Username}", username);
var authRequest = new AuthenticationRequest
{
Username = username,
Password = password,
DeviceId = await _platformService.GetDeviceIdAsync(),
Platform = await _platformService.GetPlatformInfoAsync()
};
var result = await AuthenticateWithServerAsync(authRequest);
if (result.IsSuccess)
{
// 保存认证令牌
await _platformService.SecureStorageSetAsync("auth_token", result.Token);
await _platformService.SecureStorageSetAsync("refresh_token", result.RefreshToken);
_logger.LogInformation("User authenticated successfully");
}
else
{
_logger.LogWarning("Authentication failed: {Error}", result.ErrorMessage);
}
return result;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Authentication error");
return new AuthenticationResult
{
IsSuccess = false,
ErrorMessage = "Authentication failed due to network error"
};
}
}
// 数据同步
public async Task<SyncResult> SyncDataAsync()
{
_logger.LogInformation("Starting data synchronization...");
var syncResult = new SyncResult
{
StartTime = DateTime.UtcNow,
SyncedItems = new List<SyncedItem>()
};
try
{
// 检查网络连接
var isConnected = await _platformService.IsNetworkAvailableAsync();
if (!isConnected)
{
_logger.LogWarning("No network connection available for sync");
syncResult.Status = SyncStatus.Failed;
syncResult.ErrorMessage = "No network connection";
return syncResult;
}
// 同步用户数据
var userDataSync = await _dataSyncService.SyncUserDataAsync();
syncResult.SyncedItems.AddRange(userDataSync);
// 同步应用设置
var settingsSync = await _dataSyncService.SyncSettingsAsync();
syncResult.SyncedItems.AddRange(settingsSync);
// 同步离线数据
var offlineDataSync = await _dataSyncService.SyncOfflineDataAsync();
syncResult.SyncedItems.AddRange(offlineDataSync);
syncResult.Status = SyncStatus.Success;
syncResult.EndTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
_logger.LogInformation("Data sync completed. Synced {ItemCount} items",
syncResult.SyncedItems.Count);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Data sync failed");
syncResult.Status = SyncStatus.Failed;
syncResult.ErrorMessage = ex.Message;
syncResult.EndTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
}
return syncResult;
}
// 推送通知处理
public async Task HandlePushNotificationAsync(PushNotification notification)
{
_logger.LogInformation("Received push notification: {Title}", notification.Title);
try
{
// 处理不同类型的通知
switch (notification.Type)
{
case NotificationType.Message:
await HandleMessageNotificationAsync(notification);
break;
case NotificationType.Update:
await HandleUpdateNotificationAsync(notification);
break;
case NotificationType.Alert:
await HandleAlertNotificationAsync(notification);
break;
default:
_logger.LogWarning("Unknown notification type: {Type}", notification.Type);
break;
}
// 更新通知徽章
await _notificationService.UpdateBadgeCountAsync();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error handling push notification");
}
}
// 离线数据管理
public async Task<T?> GetOfflineDataAsync<T>(string key) where T : class
{
try
{
var data = await _platformService.LocalStorageGetAsync(key);
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(data))
{
return null;
}
return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<T>(data);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error retrieving offline data for key: {Key}", key);
return null;
}
}
public async Task SaveOfflineDataAsync<T>(string key, T data) where T : class
{
try
{
var json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(data);
await _platformService.LocalStorageSetAsync(key, json);
// 标记为需要同步
await _dataSyncService.MarkForSyncAsync(key, typeof(T).Name);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error saving offline data for key: {Key}", key);
}
}
// 设备功能访问
public async Task<LocationData?> GetCurrentLocationAsync()
{
try
{
var hasPermission = await _platformService.RequestLocationPermissionAsync();
if (!hasPermission)
{
_logger.LogWarning("Location permission denied");
return null;
}
var location = await _platformService.GetLocationAsync();
_logger.LogInformation("Current location: {Latitude}, {Longitude}",
location.Latitude, location.Longitude);
return location;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error getting current location");
return null;
}
}
public async Task<CameraResult?> TakePictureAsync()
{
try
{
var hasPermission = await _platformService.RequestCameraPermissionAsync();
if (!hasPermission)
{
_logger.LogWarning("Camera permission denied");
return null;
}
var result = await _platformService.TakePictureAsync();
if (result != null)
{
// 保存到本地存储
var fileName = $"photo_{DateTime.UtcNow:yyyyMMdd_HHmmss}.jpg";
await _platformService.SaveFileAsync(fileName, result.ImageData);
_logger.LogInformation("Picture taken and saved: {FileName}", fileName);
}
return result;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error taking picture");
return null;
}
}
// 性能监控
public async Task<PerformanceMetrics> GetPerformanceMetricsAsync()
{
var metrics = new PerformanceMetrics
{
Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow,
MemoryUsage = await _platformService.GetMemoryUsageAsync(),
CpuUsage = await _platformService.GetCpuUsageAsync(),
BatteryLevel = await _platformService.GetBatteryLevelAsync(),
NetworkStatus = await _platformService.GetNetworkStatusAsync(),
StorageUsage = await _platformService.GetStorageUsageAsync()
};
_logger.LogDebug("Performance metrics: Memory={MemoryMB}MB, CPU={CpuPercent}%, Battery={BatteryPercent}%",
metrics.MemoryUsage, metrics.CpuUsage, metrics.BatteryLevel);
return metrics;
}
// 应用生命周期管理
public async Task OnAppSuspendingAsync()
{
_logger.LogInformation("App suspending - saving state...");
// 保存应用状态
var appState = new AppState
{
LastActiveTime = DateTime.UtcNow,
CurrentPage = "MainPage", // 示例
UserData = await GetCurrentUserDataAsync()
};
await SaveOfflineDataAsync("app_state", appState);
// 停止后台任务
await _dataSyncService.StopBackgroundSyncAsync();
}
public async Task OnAppResumingAsync()
{
_logger.LogInformation("App resuming - restoring state...");
// 恢复应用状态
var appState = await GetOfflineDataAsync<AppState>("app_state");
if (appState != null)
{
await RestoreAppStateAsync(appState);
}
// 重新启动后台任务
await _dataSyncService.StartBackgroundSyncAsync();
// 检查是否需要同步数据
var lastSyncTime = await _dataSyncService.GetLastSyncTimeAsync();
if (DateTime.UtcNow - lastSyncTime > TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30))
{
_ = Task.Run(async () => await SyncDataAsync());
}
}
private async Task<AuthenticationResult> AuthenticateWithServerAsync(AuthenticationRequest request)
{
// 模拟服务器认证
await Task.Delay(1000);
if (request.Username == "admin" && request.Password == "password")
{
return new AuthenticationResult
{
IsSuccess = true,
Token = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
RefreshToken = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
ExpiresAt = DateTime.UtcNow.AddHours(24)
};
}
return new AuthenticationResult
{
IsSuccess = false,
ErrorMessage = "Invalid username or password"
};
}
private async Task HandleMessageNotificationAsync(PushNotification notification)
{
// 处理消息通知
_logger.LogInformation("Handling message notification");
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
private async Task HandleUpdateNotificationAsync(PushNotification notification)
{
// 处理更新通知
_logger.LogInformation("Handling update notification");
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
private async Task HandleAlertNotificationAsync(PushNotification notification)
{
// 处理警报通知
_logger.LogInformation("Handling alert notification");
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
private async Task<UserData> GetCurrentUserDataAsync()
{
// 获取当前用户数据
return new UserData
{
UserId = Guid.NewGuid(),
Username = "current_user",
LastLoginTime = DateTime.UtcNow
};
}
private async Task RestoreAppStateAsync(AppState appState)
{
// 恢复应用状态
_logger.LogInformation("Restoring app state from {LastActiveTime}", appState.LastActiveTime);
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
// 跨平台服务接口
public interface IPlatformService
{
Task<PlatformInfo> GetPlatformInfoAsync();
Task<string> GetDeviceIdAsync();
Task<bool> IsNetworkAvailableAsync();
Task<bool> RequestLocationPermissionAsync();
Task<bool> RequestCameraPermissionAsync();
Task<LocationData> GetLocationAsync();
Task<CameraResult> TakePictureAsync();
Task<string> LocalStorageGetAsync(string key);
Task LocalStorageSetAsync(string key, string value);
Task<string> SecureStorageGetAsync(string key);
Task SecureStorageSetAsync(string key, string value);
Task SaveFileAsync(string fileName, byte[] data);
Task<double> GetMemoryUsageAsync();
Task<double> GetCpuUsageAsync();
Task<double> GetBatteryLevelAsync();
Task<NetworkStatus> GetNetworkStatusAsync();
Task<StorageInfo> GetStorageUsageAsync();
}
public interface IDataSyncService
{
Task InitializeAsync();
Task<List<SyncedItem>> SyncUserDataAsync();
Task<List<SyncedItem>> SyncSettingsAsync();
Task<List<SyncedItem>> SyncOfflineDataAsync();
Task MarkForSyncAsync(string key, string dataType);
Task StartBackgroundSyncAsync();
Task StopBackgroundSyncAsync();
Task<DateTime> GetLastSyncTimeAsync();
}
public interface INotificationService
{
Task RegisterForNotificationsAsync();
Task UpdateBadgeCountAsync();
}
// 跨平台数据模型
public class PlatformInfo
{
public string Platform { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string Version { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string DeviceModel { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string OperatingSystem { get; set; } = string.Empty;
}
public class AuthenticationRequest
{
public string Username { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string Password { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string DeviceId { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public PlatformInfo Platform { get; set; } = new();
}
public class AuthenticationResult
{
public bool IsSuccess { get; set; }
public string Token { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string RefreshToken { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public DateTime ExpiresAt { get; set; }
public string ErrorMessage { get; set; } = string.Empty;
}
public class SyncResult
{
public DateTime StartTime { get; set; }
public DateTime EndTime { get; set; }
public SyncStatus Status { get; set; }
public List<SyncedItem> SyncedItems { get; set; } = new();
public string ErrorMessage { get; set; } = string.Empty;
}
public enum SyncStatus
{
Success,
Failed,
Partial
}
public class SyncedItem
{
public string Key { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string DataType { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public DateTime SyncTime { get; set; }
public SyncOperation Operation { get; set; }
}
public enum SyncOperation
{
Create,
Update,
Delete
}
public class PushNotification
{
public string Title { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string Body { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public NotificationType Type { get; set; }
public Dictionary<string, string> Data { get; set; } = new();
public DateTime ReceivedAt { get; set; }
}
public enum NotificationType
{
Message,
Update,
Alert
}
public class LocationData
{
public double Latitude { get; set; }
public double Longitude { get; set; }
public double Altitude { get; set; }
public double Accuracy { get; set; }
public DateTime Timestamp { get; set; }
}
public class CameraResult
{
public byte[] ImageData { get; set; } = Array.Empty<byte>();
public string FileName { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public DateTime CapturedAt { get; set; }
public int Width { get; set; }
public int Height { get; set; }
}
public class PerformanceMetrics
{
public DateTime Timestamp { get; set; }
public double MemoryUsage { get; set; }
public double CpuUsage { get; set; }
public double BatteryLevel { get; set; }
public NetworkStatus NetworkStatus { get; set; }
public StorageInfo StorageUsage { get; set; } = new();
}
public class NetworkStatus
{
public bool IsConnected { get; set; }
public string ConnectionType { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public double SignalStrength { get; set; }
}
public class StorageInfo
{
public long TotalSpace { get; set; }
public long FreeSpace { get; set; }
public long UsedSpace { get; set; }
}
public class AppState
{
public DateTime LastActiveTime { get; set; }
public string CurrentPage { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public UserData UserData { get; set; } = new();
}
public class UserData
{
public Guid UserId { get; set; }
public string Username { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public DateTime LastLoginTime { get; set; }
}
实践练习
练习1：构建云原生微服务系统
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System.Text.Json;
// 云原生微服务示例
public class CloudNativeMicroservice
{
private readonly ILogger<CloudNativeMicroservice> _logger;
private readonly IServiceDiscovery _serviceDiscovery;
private readonly IConfigurationManager _configManager;
private readonly IHealthCheckService _healthCheck;
public CloudNativeMicroservice(
ILogger<CloudNativeMicroservice> logger,
IServiceDiscovery serviceDiscovery,
IConfigurationManager configManager,
IHealthCheckService healthCheck)
{
_logger = logger;
_serviceDiscovery = serviceDiscovery;
_configManager = configManager;
_healthCheck = healthCheck;
}
// 服务启动
public async Task StartAsync()
{
_logger.LogInformation("Starting cloud native microservice...");
// 注册服务
var serviceInfo = new ServiceInfo
{
ServiceId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
ServiceName = "user-service",
Version = "1.0.0",
Host = "localhost",
Port = 8080,
HealthCheckUrl = "/health",
Tags = new[] { "api", "user", "v1" }
};
await _serviceDiscovery.RegisterServiceAsync(serviceInfo);
// 启动健康检查
await _healthCheck.StartAsync();
_logger.LogInformation("Microservice started successfully");
}
// 处理业务请求
public async Task<ApiResponse<T>> HandleRequestAsync<T>(ApiRequest request)
{
var correlationId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
using var scope = _logger.BeginScope(new Dictionary<string, object>
{
["CorrelationId"] = correlationId,
["RequestId"] = request.RequestId,
["UserId"] = request.UserId
});
try
{
_logger.LogInformation("Processing request: {RequestType}", request.RequestType);
// 验证请求
var validationResult = await ValidateRequestAsync(request);
if (!validationResult.IsValid)
{
return new ApiResponse<T>
{
Success = false,
ErrorMessage = validationResult.ErrorMessage,
CorrelationId = correlationId
};
}
// 处理业务逻辑
var result = await ProcessBusinessLogicAsync<T>(request);
// 记录审计日志
await LogAuditEventAsync(request, result, correlationId);
return new ApiResponse<T>
{
Success = true,
Data = result,
CorrelationId = correlationId
};
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error processing request");
return new ApiResponse<T>
{
Success = false,
ErrorMessage = "Internal server error",
CorrelationId = correlationId
};
}
}
// 服务发现和负载均衡
public async Task<ServiceInstance?> DiscoverServiceAsync(string serviceName)
{
var services = await _serviceDiscovery.GetHealthyServicesAsync(serviceName);
if (!services.Any())
{
_logger.LogWarning("No healthy instances found for service: {ServiceName}", serviceName);
return null;
}
// 简单的轮询负载均衡
var selectedService = services[new Random().Next(services.Count)];
_logger.LogDebug("Selected service instance: {ServiceId} for {ServiceName}",
selectedService.ServiceId, serviceName);
return selectedService;
}
// 配置热更新
public async Task HandleConfigurationChangeAsync(string configKey, string newValue)
{
_logger.LogInformation("Configuration changed: {Key} = {Value}", configKey, newValue);
try
{
await _configManager.UpdateConfigurationAsync(configKey, newValue);
// 通知其他组件配置已更改
await NotifyConfigurationChangeAsync(configKey, newValue);
_logger.LogInformation("Configuration updated successfully");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Failed to update configuration");
}
}
// 分布式追踪
public async Task<TraceContext> StartTraceAsync(string operationName)
{
var traceContext = new TraceContext
{
TraceId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
SpanId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
OperationName = operationName,
StartTime = DateTime.UtcNow
};
_logger.LogInformation("Started trace: {TraceId} for operation: {OperationName}",
traceContext.TraceId, operationName);
return traceContext;
}
public async Task FinishTraceAsync(TraceContext traceContext, bool success = true)
{
traceContext.EndTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
traceContext.Duration = traceContext.EndTime - traceContext.StartTime;
traceContext.Success = success;
_logger.LogInformation("Finished trace: {TraceId}, Duration: {Duration}ms, Success: {Success}",
traceContext.TraceId, traceContext.Duration.TotalMilliseconds, success);
// 发送追踪数据到追踪系统
await SendTraceDataAsync(traceContext);
}
private async Task<ValidationResult> ValidateRequestAsync(ApiRequest request)
{
// 实现请求验证逻辑
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(request.RequestId))
{
return new ValidationResult
{
IsValid = false,
ErrorMessage = "Request ID is required"
};
}
return new ValidationResult { IsValid = true };
}
private async Task<T> ProcessBusinessLogicAsync<T>(ApiRequest request)
{
// 模拟业务逻辑处理
await Task.Delay(100);
// 返回模拟结果
return (T)(object)"Business logic result";
}
private async Task LogAuditEventAsync<T>(ApiRequest request, T result, string correlationId)
{
var auditEvent = new AuditEvent
{
EventId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
CorrelationId = correlationId,
UserId = request.UserId,
Action = request.RequestType,
Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow,
Details = JsonSerializer.Serialize(new { Request = request, Result = result })
};
_logger.LogInformation("Audit event logged: {EventId}", auditEvent.EventId);
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
private async Task NotifyConfigurationChangeAsync(string configKey, string newValue)
{
// 通知配置变更
_logger.LogDebug("Notifying configuration change: {Key}", configKey);
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
private async Task SendTraceDataAsync(TraceContext traceContext)
{
// 发送追踪数据
_logger.LogDebug("Sending trace data: {TraceId}", traceContext.TraceId);
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
练习2：构建智能边缘计算平台
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System.Text.Json;
// 智能边缘计算平台
public class IntelligentEdgeComputingPlatform
{
private readonly ILogger<IntelligentEdgeComputingPlatform> _logger;
private readonly IEdgeDeviceManager _deviceManager;
private readonly IEdgeAIProcessor _aiProcessor;
private readonly ICloudConnector _cloudConnector;
private readonly Dictionary<string, EdgeDevice> _connectedDevices;
public IntelligentEdgeComputingPlatform(
ILogger<IntelligentEdgeComputingPlatform> logger,
IEdgeDeviceManager deviceManager,
IEdgeAIProcessor aiProcessor,
ICloudConnector cloudConnector)
{
_logger = logger;
_deviceManager = deviceManager;
_aiProcessor = aiProcessor;
_cloudConnector = cloudConnector;
_connectedDevices = new Dictionary<string, EdgeDevice>();
}
// 设备连接管理
public async Task<bool> ConnectDeviceAsync(EdgeDevice device)
{
try
{
_logger.LogInformation("Connecting edge device: {DeviceId}", device.DeviceId);
// 验证设备
var isValid = await _deviceManager.ValidateDeviceAsync(device);
if (!isValid)
{
_logger.LogWarning("Device validation failed: {DeviceId}", device.DeviceId);
return false;
}
// 建立连接
await _deviceManager.EstablishConnectionAsync(device);
// 注册设备
_connectedDevices[device.DeviceId] = device;
device.Status = DeviceStatus.Connected;
device.LastHeartbeat = DateTime.UtcNow;
// 启动数据收集
_ = Task.Run(() => StartDataCollectionAsync(device));
_logger.LogInformation("Device connected successfully: {DeviceId}", device.DeviceId);
return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Failed to connect device: {DeviceId}", device.DeviceId);
return false;
}
}
// 实时数据处理
public async Task ProcessSensorDataAsync(string deviceId, SensorData sensorData)
{
if (!_connectedDevices.TryGetValue(deviceId, out var device))
{
_logger.LogWarning("Received data from unknown device: {DeviceId}", deviceId);
return;
}
try
{
_logger.LogDebug("Processing sensor data from device: {DeviceId}", deviceId);
// 数据预处理
var preprocessedData = await PreprocessSensorDataAsync(sensorData);
// AI 推理
var aiResult = await _aiProcessor.ProcessDataAsync(preprocessedData);
// 实时决策
var decision = await MakeRealTimeDecisionAsync(device, aiResult);
// 执行决策
if (decision.RequiresAction)
{
await ExecuteDecisionAsync(device, decision);
}
// 数据聚合和缓存
await AggregateAndCacheDataAsync(deviceId, sensorData, aiResult);
// 检查是否需要上传到云端
if (ShouldUploadToCloud(aiResult))
{
await _cloudConnector.UploadDataAsync(deviceId, sensorData, aiResult);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error processing sensor data from device: {DeviceId}", deviceId);
}
}
// 边缘 AI 模型管理
public async Task<bool> DeployAIModelAsync(string deviceId, AIModel model)
{
if (!_connectedDevices.TryGetValue(deviceId, out var device))
{
_logger.LogWarning("Cannot deploy model to unknown device: {DeviceId}", deviceId);
return false;
}
try
{
_logger.LogInformation("Deploying AI model {ModelId} to device {DeviceId}",
model.ModelId, deviceId);
// 检查设备资源
var resourceCheck = await CheckDeviceResourcesAsync(device, model);
if (!resourceCheck.HasSufficientResources)
{
_logger.LogWarning("Insufficient resources on device {DeviceId} for model {ModelId}",
deviceId, model.ModelId);
return false;
}
// 下载模型到设备
await _deviceManager.DownloadModelAsync(device, model);
// 部署模型
await _aiProcessor.DeployModelAsync(deviceId, model);
// 验证部署
var isDeployed = await _aiProcessor.ValidateModelDeploymentAsync(deviceId, model.ModelId);
if (isDeployed)
{
device.DeployedModels.Add(model);
_logger.LogInformation("AI model deployed successfully: {ModelId} on {DeviceId}",
model.ModelId, deviceId);
}
return isDeployed;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Failed to deploy AI model {ModelId} to device {DeviceId}",
model.ModelId, deviceId);
return false;
}
}
// 设备集群协调
public async Task<ClusterOperationResult> CoordinateClusterOperationAsync(ClusterOperation operation)
{
_logger.LogInformation("Coordinating cluster operation: {OperationType}", operation.OperationType);
var result = new ClusterOperationResult
{
OperationId = operation.OperationId,
StartTime = DateTime.UtcNow,
DeviceResults = new Dictionary<string, DeviceOperationResult>()
};
try
{
// 选择参与设备
var participatingDevices = SelectDevicesForOperation(operation);
// 并行执行操作
var tasks = participatingDevices.Select(async device =>
{
var deviceResult = await ExecuteDeviceOperationAsync(device, operation);
result.DeviceResults[device.DeviceId] = deviceResult;
return deviceResult;
});
await Task.WhenAll(tasks);
// 聚合结果
result.Success = result.DeviceResults.Values.All(r => r.Success);
result.EndTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
_logger.LogInformation("Cluster operation completed: {OperationId}, Success: {Success}",
operation.OperationId, result.Success);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Cluster operation failed: {OperationId}", operation.OperationId);
result.Success = false;
result.ErrorMessage = ex.Message;
result.EndTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
}
return result;
}
private async Task StartDataCollectionAsync(EdgeDevice device)
{
while (device.Status == DeviceStatus.Connected)
{
try
{
// 收集传感器数据
var sensorData = await _deviceManager.CollectSensorDataAsync(device);
if (sensorData != null)
{
await ProcessSensorDataAsync(device.DeviceId, sensorData);
}
// 更新心跳
device.LastHeartbeat = DateTime.UtcNow;
await Task.Delay(1000); // 1秒间隔
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error in data collection for device: {DeviceId}", device.DeviceId);
await Task.Delay(5000); // 错误时等待5秒
}
}
}
private async Task<SensorData> PreprocessSensorDataAsync(SensorData rawData)
{
// 数据清洗和预处理
var processedData = new SensorData
{
DeviceId = rawData.DeviceId,
Timestamp = rawData.Timestamp,
SensorType = rawData.SensorType,
Value = FilterNoiseFromValue(rawData.Value),
Unit = rawData.Unit
};
return processedData;
}
private double FilterNoiseFromValue(double rawValue)
{
// 简单的噪声过滤
return Math.Round(rawValue, 2);
}
private async Task<EdgeDecision> MakeRealTimeDecisionAsync(EdgeDevice device, AIProcessingResult aiResult)
{
var decision = new EdgeDecision
{
DecisionId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
DeviceId = device.DeviceId,
Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow,
RequiresAction = false
};
// 基于 AI 结果做决策
if (aiResult.Confidence > 0.8 && aiResult.Prediction == "anomaly")
{
decision.RequiresAction = true;
decision.ActionType = "alert";
decision.ActionParameters = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
["severity"] = "high",
["message"] = "Anomaly detected"
};
}
return decision;
}
private async Task ExecuteDecisionAsync(EdgeDevice device, EdgeDecision decision)
{
_logger.LogInformation("Executing decision {DecisionId} for device {DeviceId}",
decision.DecisionId, device.DeviceId);
switch (decision.ActionType)
{
case "alert":
await SendAlertAsync(device, decision);
break;
case "control":
await SendControlCommandAsync(device, decision);
break;
default:
_logger.LogWarning("Unknown action type: {ActionType}", decision.ActionType);
break;
}
}
private async Task SendAlertAsync(EdgeDevice device, EdgeDecision decision)
{
// 发送警报
_logger.LogWarning("Alert for device {DeviceId}: {Message}",
device.DeviceId, decision.ActionParameters["message"]);
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
private async Task SendControlCommandAsync(EdgeDevice device, EdgeDecision decision)
{
// 发送控制命令
_logger.LogInformation("Sending control command to device {DeviceId}", device.DeviceId);
await _deviceManager.SendControlCommandAsync(device, decision.ActionParameters);
}
private async Task AggregateAndCacheDataAsync(string deviceId, SensorData sensorData, AIProcessingResult aiResult)
{
// 数据聚合和缓存逻辑
_logger.LogDebug("Aggregating data for device: {DeviceId}", deviceId);
await Task.CompletedTask;
}
private bool ShouldUploadToCloud(AIProcessingResult aiResult)
{
// 决定是否上传到云端
return aiResult.Confidence > 0.9 || aiResult.Prediction == "critical";
}
private async Task<ResourceCheckResult> CheckDeviceResourcesAsync(EdgeDevice device, AIModel model)
{
// 检查设备资源
return new ResourceCheckResult
{
HasSufficientResources = true,
AvailableMemory = 1024,
RequiredMemory = model.MemoryRequirement
};
}
private List<EdgeDevice> SelectDevicesForOperation(ClusterOperation operation)
{
// 根据操作类型选择设备
return _connectedDevices.Values
.Where(d => d.Status == DeviceStatus.Connected)
.Where(d => d.Capabilities.Contains(operation.RequiredCapability))
.ToList();
}
private async Task<DeviceOperationResult> ExecuteDeviceOperationAsync(EdgeDevice device, ClusterOperation operation)
{
try
{
_logger.LogDebug("Executing operation {OperationType} on device {DeviceId}",
operation.OperationType, device.DeviceId);
// 模拟操作执行
await Task.Delay(100);
return new DeviceOperationResult
{
DeviceId = device.DeviceId,
Success = true,
ExecutionTime = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100)
};
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Operation failed on device {DeviceId}", device.DeviceId);
return new DeviceOperationResult
{
DeviceId = device.DeviceId,
Success = false,
ErrorMessage = ex.Message
};
}
}
}
本章总结
本章深入探讨了 C# 在未来发展趋势和新兴技术领域的应用，涵盖了以下核心内容：
技术领域覆盖
云原生开发
- .NET 云原生应用架构设计
- 容器化和微服务最佳实践
- Serverless 计算模式应用
- 云平台集成和自动化部署
边缘计算
- .NET IoT 应用开发框架
- 边缘设备编程和管理
- 实时数据处理和 AI 推理
- 设备集群协调和监控
现代化技术栈
- .NET 8+ 新特性和语言改进
- Blazor 全栈开发解决方案
- gRPC 和现代 API 设计模式
- 高性能优化技术和最佳实践
新兴应用领域
- 区块链和 Web3 开发
- 量子计算应用模拟
- AR/VR 应用开发框架
- 跨平台移动开发解决方案
核心技术能力
- 架构设计：微服务架构、事件驱动架构、CQRS 模式
- 性能优化：内存管理、并发处理、缓存策略
- 安全实践：身份认证、数据加密、安全通信
- 监控运维：健康检查、日志记录、性能监控
- 数据处理：实时流处理、批量处理、数据同步
实际应用场景
- 企业数字化转型：云原生架构迁移和现代化改造
- 物联网解决方案：智能设备管理和边缘计算平台
- 人工智能应用：机器学习模型部署和推理服务
- 移动应用开发：跨平台解决方案和原生性能优化
- 新兴技术探索：区块链、量子计算、AR/VR 应用
发展趋势展望
随着技术的不断演进，C# 将在以下方面继续发展：
- 云原生生态：更深度的云平台集成和 Serverless 支持
- AI/ML 集成：原生机器学习框架和推理引擎
- 跨平台能力：更好的移动和 Web 开发体验
- 性能提升：编译时优化和运行时性能改进
- 开发体验：更智能的工具链和开发环境
通过掌握这些前沿技术和最佳实践，开发者可以构建面向未来的高质量应用程序，在快速变化的技术环境中保持竞争优势。
下一章我们将进行 C# 教程的总结回顾，梳理整个学习路径的核心知识点，并提供进一步学习的建议和资源。 “`
